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Why do we perform a PE?
To figure out the animal before we work on them
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What do we look for with our visual senses during a PE?
- Facial expression
- Coat
- Body position
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What do we look for with light palpations?
- Fingers: texture and tenderness
- Palm: vibrations heat
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What do we look for with deep palpations?
- underlying structures: Organs
- glands
- bones
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Describe a Doughy palpation?
soft malleable
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Describe a Firm palpation?
normal texture of organs
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Describe a Hard palpation?
Bone like
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Describe a fluctuant palpation?
soft, elastic, undulant, movable abscess
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Describe a emphysematous palpations?
air or gas filled
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what do we call an air or gas file palpation
Emphysematous
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what do we look for with our hearing senses?
breathing and cardiovascular system
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When using a stethoscope how do do a percussion? What is it used for?
flicking animal body cavities looking for any abnormal sounds
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What is auscultation? what are the three main sections?
- listening to the inner sounds of the body
- Heart, Lungs, and Digestive system
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When using a stethoscope what are you looking for when listening for a timpani sound?
- this sound is used for the detection of abnormalities in cattle (you don't want to hear that sound)
- A flicked at the 4th Lumbar
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Body conditioning: 4 parts
- Weight
- Hair & Coat
- Posture
- Gait
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When an animal responds to verbal stimuli
obtunded
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When an animal only responds to painful stimuli
stuporous
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when and animal is unresponsive to stimuli
- comatose
- (not always a bad thing: surgeries)
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How to disinfect a thermometer
- 1st wipe clean off
- 2nd wipe to discenfect
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What do you call irregular heart beating?
Arrythmia
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What do you an abnormally slow heart beat?
bradicardia
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what do you call an abnormally fast heart beat?
trachycardia
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what do you call whooshing or swishing sounds in a heart beat?
a murmer
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What is the Lub of a heart beat?
mirta and tricuspid valves closing
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What is the Dub of a heart beat?
aortic and pulmanic valves closing
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What are the three abnormal respiration sounds you are looking for?
- Moist, gunky lung sounds
- Dry coarse lung sounds
- Dyspnea or labored/difficult breathing
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What is Cyanosis?
bluish tint to skin resulting from oxygen deficiency
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When do you call loud harsh breathing?
stridor
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What is perfusion? how do we check for it?
- The process of delivering blood throughout the body
- Checking the mucus membrane for capillary refill time
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What are the three scores go the pain scale
- non interactive (can see w/o touching animal)
- interactive (can see when doing PE)
- palpations (when palpating animal signals distress)
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What are you looking for when filling in the general appearance?
- State of nutrition
- Symmetry
- Posture and Gait
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What are vesicular sounds?
- sound of air moving through the lungs (small bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli)
- Beast heard during inspiration!
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What are Bronchial Sounds?
- air movement through the trachea and large Bronchi
- Best heard when expiration
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