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jdwein39
on FreezingBlue Flashcards.
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Ig-CAMs
- Immunoglobulin-like cell adhesion molecules
- Transient and dynamic neural and lymphocye interactions
- Homophilic and heterophilic interactions
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______ can be subverted as viral receptors
Ig-CAMs (ex: I-CAM for rhinovirus)
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5 classes of CAMs
- Ig-CAMs
- Proteoglycans
- Selectins
- Integrins
- Cadherins
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Calcium-dependent CAMs
- Selectins
- Integrins
- Cadherins
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Proteoglycans
- Calcium-independent cell adhesion molecule that binds cells to ECM
- Has glycerin side chains that sequester growth factors
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Selectins
- Calcium-dependent cell adhesion molecule
- Bind sugars via lectin domain (greater specificity allowed with sugars)
- Involved in lymphocyte homing by means of vascular addressins
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Vascular addressins
Extracellular endothelial proteins that bind to lymphocyte selectins, allowing lymphocytes to "roll" along and patrol endothelial linings of blood vessels.
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Integrins
- Calcium-dependent cell adhesion molecules; complex family of a- and b-subunits
- Bind divalent cations, like calcium and magnesium
- A few bind Ig-CAMs, cadherins, clotting factors
- Most connect ECM to cytoskeleton at focal contacts and hemidesmosomes
- Potentiate growth and survival signals
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Cadherins
- Mediates cell-cell adhesion in adherens junctions and desmosomes
- Initiates cell adhesion
- Beta-barrel structure
- C-terminal cytoplasmic domain: highly conserved
- Extracellular ectodomain: 5 repeats of ~110 aa's with negatively charged amino acids that bind calcium
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Cadherin dimers
- Calcium binds to and rigidifies cadherin repeats
- Cis dimers between cadherins on same cell
- Trans dimers formed with cadherins on neighboring cells
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Puncta adherens
Small points of filopodial contact where cadherins can initiate cell-cell adhesion
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Adherens junction structure
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p120
- In adherens junction
- Functions to prevent internalization of E-cadherin
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_______ initiate cell adhesion and change the shape of the cell
Adherens junctions
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Loss of E-cadherin
Plays a role in breast cancer metastasis
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Loss of alpha catenin
Plays a role in cancer metastasis (loss of cell adhesion)
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Wnt, APC, and beta catenin
- Wnt inhibits APC, which inhibits beta catenin
- Active Wnt leads to less APC leads to more beta catenin, leads to more transcription, leads to cancer
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Adherents junctions bind ______; desomosomes bind _______ (microtubules, actin filaments, intermediate filaments)
Actin filaments; intermediate filaments
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Intracellular region in desmosomes is (wider/narrower) than that in adherens junctions
Wider
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Adherens junction:E-cadherin::Desmosome:?
Desmoglein/Desmocollin
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Adherens junction:b-catenin::desmosome:?
Plakoglobin
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Adherens junction:p-120::desmosome:?
Plakophilin
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Adherens junction:a-catenin::desmosome:?
desmoplakin
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Pemphigus vulgaris
Autoimmune disorder where patients have antibodies against desmoglein 3
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Pemphigus foliaceus
Autoimmune disorder where patients have antibodies against desmoglein 1
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Staph a. toxins and bullous impetigo toxins target _______
desmoglein 1
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Naxos Disease
- Mutation in plakoglobin so it can't bind to desmoplakin
- Woolly hair, palmoplantar keratoderma, and arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy
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Carvajal Syndrome
- Mutation in desmoplakin
- Woolly hair, palmoplantar keratoderma, arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy
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Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy
- Often caused by mutations in desmosomal proteins
- Bad cell adhesion due to lack of desmosomal proteins leads to bad gap junctions leads to arrhythmia
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Ectodermal Dysplasia - mutation in ______
plakophilin
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