Medical Terminology Chapter 2

gland

fat

before,front

lower part of body, tail

head

cell

in, within, inside

out of, outside, away from

tissue

specialist

the science or study of

disease, suffering, feeling, emotion

development, growth, formation

behind, towards the back

control, maintenance of a constant level

The body cavity that contains primarily the major organs of digestion.

The surgical removal of a gland.

A malignant tumor that originates in glandular tissue.

A benign tumor that arises in or resembles glandular tissue.

Abnormal softening of a gland.

Abnormal hardening of a gland or glands.

A change in the structure of cells and in their orientation to each other.

The study of the structures of the body.

A deviation from what is regarded as normal.

Situated in front.

The defective development or congenital absence of an organ or tissue.

The spread of a disease through contact with blood or other body fluids contaminated with blood.

Toward the lower part of the body.

Toward the head.

The genetic structures located within the nucleus of each cell.

Any disease transmitted from one person to another either by direct or indirect contact with contaminated objects.

An abnormal condition that exists at the time of birth.

The material located within the cell membrane that is not part of the nucleus.

Situated farthest from the midline or beginning of a body structure.

Back of the body or organ.

Abnormal development or growth of cells, tissues, or organs.

Referring to the ongoing presence of a disease, such as the common cold, within a population, group, or area.

Glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream.

A sudden and widespread outbreak of a disease within a specific population group or area.

The region located above the stomach.

The study of the causes of diseases.

Glands that secrete chemical substances into ducts leading either to other organs or out of the body.

Produces symptoms for which no physiological or anatomical cause can be identified.

A pathological condition caused by an absent or defective gene.

A physician who specializes in the care of older people.

A group of hereditary bleeding disorders in which one of the factors needed to clot the blood is missing; transmitted from mother to son.

The study of the structure, composition, and function of tissues.

The processes through which the body maintains a constant internal environment.

The enlargement of an organ or tissue because of an abnormal increase in the number of cells in the tissues.

A general increase in the bulk of a body part or organ that is due to an increase in the size, but not in the number, of the cells in the tissues.

The region of the abdomen that is located below the stomach.

The incomplete development of an organ or tissue usually due to a deficiency in the number of cells.

Side effect or unfavorable response arising from a prescribed treatment or medication.

An illness without known cause.

Illness caused by a living pathogenic organism, such as a bacterium, virus, or fungus.

Relating to the groin; refers to the entire lower portion of the abdomen including the groin.

The direction toward or nearer the midline.

The fused double layer of the parietal peritoneum that attaches parts of the intestine to the interior abdominal wall.

The vertical plane that divides the body, from top to bottom, into equal left and right halves.

Infection acquired in a hospital or clinic.

A disease outbreak occurring over a large geographic area, possibly worldwide.

The space formed by the hip bones that contains primarily the organs of the reproductive and excretory systems.

The multilayered membrane that protects and supports (suspends in place) the organs located in the abdominal cavity.

Inflammation of the peritoneum.

A genetic disorder in which the essential digestive enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase is missing.

The study of the functions of the body structures.

Situated in back or on the back part of an organ.

Situated nearest the midline or beginning of a body structure.

Located behind the peritoneum of the abdominal cavity.

Unspecialized cells that renew themselves for long periods of time through cell division.

The cavity that surrounds and protects the heart and the lungs; also known as the chest.

The horizontal plane that divides the body into upper and lower portions; runs across the body.

The pit in the center of the abdominal wall that marks where the umbilical cord was attached before birth.

The spread of a disease due to the bite of a vector capable of transmitting that disease.

Refers to the front or belly side of the body or organ.

The congenital absence of a normal opening or the failure of a structure to be tubular.

the mother's health, behavior, and the prenatal medical care she does or does not receive before delivery.

• condition
• characterized by growth abnormalities, mental retardation, brain
• damage, and socialization difficulties, caused by the mother's
• consumption of alcohol during pregnancy.

a genetic disorder that causes nerve degeneration with symptoms that most often appear in midlife.