The flashcards below were created by user
Ghoelix
on FreezingBlue Flashcards.
-
4 Vital signs
- Body temperature
- Respiration
- Pulse
- Blood pressure
-
Body temperature can change due to (6)...
- time of day
- age
- weight
- physical exercise
- disease
- injury
-
-
Normal juvenile temp
97.8 - 98.6F
-
Normal infant ( 0 - 3yo ) temp
99 - 99.7F
-
-
Hypothermia
- Below body temperature
- Cause by environment, Pathological processes
- if below 95F - death can occur
- if below 93.2 - survival unlikely
-
Average pulse for adult
60 - 90BPM
-
Average pulse for child
90 - 100 BPM
-
Average pulse for infant
120BPM
-
Tachycardia
- Rapid pulse / heart rate
- > 100BPM
-
Bradychardia
- Slow pulse / heart rate
- < 60BPM
-
Best place to check pulse
Carotid
-
2nd best place to check pulse
Radial
-
Average adult respiration
10 - 20 RPM
-
Average infant respiration
30 - 60RPM
-
4 Causes of changes in respiration
- Age
- Exercise
- Illnesses
- Medication
-
Dyspnea
Difficulty breathing
-
Blood pressure definition
The product of flow times resistance or blood vessels.
-
6 Causes for changes in blood pressure
- Age
- Sex
- Physical development
- Body position
- Time of day
- Health
-
X Blood pressure what over what
---
X
- Systolic ventricular contraction
- --------- ------------------------
- Diastolic ventricular relaxation
-
Normal adult blood pressure
-
Sphygmomanometer
The cuff and bulb
-
Normal adult pulse oxymeter reading
95 - 100
-
ALOC definition
Altered Level Of Conciousness
-
What are 3 ALOC tests?
- Can patient follow instructions?
- Can patient state own name?
- Can patient say today's date?
-
Vital signs
- Pulse
- Temperature
- Respiration
- Blood pressure
-
Body Temperature definition
Physiological balance between heat produced in body tissues and heat lost to the environment.
-
What gland controls body temperature?
Hypothalmus.
-
Pulse is rapid means...
Blood pressure is low.
-
Pulse is slow means...
Blood pressure is high.
-
How to write a pulse of 80BPM?
P80
-
How to write a respiration of 20RPM?
R20
-
Hypertensive definition...
- High blood pressure
- > 140/90 mmHg
-
Hypotensive definition
- Low blood pressure
- < 90/x mmHg
-
Oxygen Tension / Partial Pressure...
Amount of oxygen in either the air or the blood.
-
ABG
Arterial Blood Gasses.
-
Normal adult pH...
7.35 - 7.45
-
Normal adult PCO2
32 - 45 mmHg
-
Normal adult PO2
80 - 100 mmHg
-
Normal adult HCO3
20 - 26 mEq/L
-
Normal adult SaO2
95% - 100%
-
Hypoxemia
Low blood oxygen
-
Hypercapnea
Too much CO2 in the blood
-
Pulse oxymeter
Device with photoreceptor, attached to finger or ear lobe which can detect levels of oxygenated or nonoxygenated blood below surface of skin.
-
Tracheobronchitis
Inflamation of trachea and bronchi, sore throat.
-
Pressure of O2 from wall outlets...
60 - 80 psi
-
O2 pressure from tanks
2,000 psi
-
What percentage of the air we breath is O2?
21%
-
-
Nasal cannula
- Hose attached to O2 source with two prongs which deliver O2 to the nostrils of a patient.
- Most common O2 delivery device
- Adults 1 - 4 LPM
- Children 1/4 - 1/2 LPM
-
Nasal Catheter
- Hose fed up nostril and into oropharynx
- Flow 1 - 5 LPM
-
Face mask
- Not a perfect seal around face.
- Flow should not be < 5 LPM
-
Non-rebreathing mask
- Has bag attached to face mask
- Can deliver up to 100% O2
-
Partial non-rebreathing mask
Can deliver 60% - 90% O2
-
Venturi Mask
Limits O2 to 24% - 80% + water particles
-
Equipment which must be on hand for O2 deli very in radiology department (5) ...
- O2 Source
- Sterile nasal cannula or face mask
- Connecting tubing and adapters
- Flow meter
- No Smoking sign
-
Radiotranslucent
x-rays pass through
-
Why check blood pressure at brachial artery of left arm?
It is direct line from heart.
-
Shock
- A condition where the tissues in the body don't receive enough oxygen and nutrients to allow the cells to function.
- Can occur rapidly, and is life threatening.
- Can progress and cause death.
-
5 Causes of shock...
- Fluid loss
- Cardiac failure
- Decreased tone of blood vessels
- Blood loss
- Obstruction of blood flow
-
4 Signs of shock...
- Skin may be cold and clammy
- Decreased urine output
- Increased respiration
- Increased anxiety
-
5 signs of shock progression...
- Drop in blood pressure
- Rapid, shallow respiration
- tachycardia
- Chest pain
- Confusion
-
6 Kinds of shock...
- Hypovolemic - low blood volume
- Cardiogenic - heart doesnt pump enough blood
- Distributive - blood pools in vessels, decreased return to heart
- Neurogenic - damage to spinal cord, stress or pain
- Septic - has to do with immune system
- Anaphylactic - allergic reaction
-
Hypovolemic shock
Low blood volume
-
Cardiogenic shock
Inability of the heart to pump enough blood
-
Distributive shock
Blood pools in vessels and decrease return to heart
-
Neurogenic shock
Has to do with spinal cord, pain, or stress
-
Septic shock
Has to do with immune system
-
Anaphylactic shock...
Allergic reaction
-
PE / Pulmonary Embolism...
Thrombus blocks pulmonary artery of lung
Symptoms
- Chest pain
- Shortness of breath
- Death can occur
-
Diabetic emergency...
4 symptoms
Hypoglycemia
- Excess insulin in blood
- or
- low blood sugar
Symptoms
- Tremors
- Dizziness
- Sweating
- Clammy
-
Ketoacidosis...
6 symptoms
- Decrease in insulin
- Can progress into coma, can result in death if insulin is not administered.
Symptoms
- Weakness
- Drowsiness
- Headache
- Warm, dry skin
- Smell funny odor, especially on breath
- Hyperglycemic
-
Crebrovascular accident / CBA
3 symptoms
Stroke - lack of blood supply to brain
- Face drooping on one side
- Slurred speech
- Arm weakness on one side of body
-
Transischemic attacks / TIA
Mini-strokes
Symptoms
- Drooping of face, especially one side
- Slurred speech
- Arm weakness on one side of body
-
-
Seizure protocol
4 steps
- Clear area
- If vomiting, turn on side
- If in wheelchair, help them to floor
- Get help
|
|