SELF ASSESSMENT 1

The first use of helicopters for air medical transport occurred as a result of:
A. The Korean conflict of 1950
B. The Prussian Siege of Paris
C. The development of organ donor programs
D. Enhanced responsibilities of State Law enforcement personnel

The preferred qualifications of a Critical Care Professional include:
A. Enrollment in a CCEMTP course
B. A minimum of 3 years as an EMS supervisor
C. A minimum of 3 years experience in an ALS system
D. Successful completion of PHTLS/BTLS

Which of the following is not considered routine equipment on-board a Critical Care Transport unit?
A. Portable ABG machine
B. IV infusion pumps
C. Central venous line kit
D. Neonatal isolette

Which of the following trauma patients is a candidate for Critical Care Transport?
A. 40 year old who has fallen from a height greater than 10 feet
B. 22 year old who has been ejected from a vehicle
C. 16 year old with partial and full thickness burns of the arms, affecting 15% body surface area
D. 33 year old with a Revised Trauma Score of 12

The law requiring that patients are provided written information on the right to make medical decisions is the:
A. Living Will Statute
B. Federal Advance Directives Act
C. Treatment Refusal Act
D. Patient Self Determination Act

Which of the following areas are often cited in litigation involving malpractice?
a. Failure to adequately monitor the patient’s condition
b. Failure to adequately document findings
c. Failure to advise more highly trained individuals of abnormalities
d. All of the above

A common problem of specimen collection associated with the breakdown of red blood cells and subsequent release of hemoglobin is known as:
A. Hemolysis
B. Hemodialysis
C. Hematocrit
D. Hemoglobinuria

Which of the following IS NOT seen with a normal or increased hematocrit and hemoglobin?
A. COPD
B. Dehydration
C. Severe diarrhea
D. Anemia

A 16 year old female presents with the following signs and symptoms; nervousness, anxiety, dizziness, with numbness and tingling of the extremities. The patient’s ABG analysis shows the following values, based on these values, what condition would you suspect?
pH = 7.50
PO2 = 100 PCO2 = 30 HCO3 = 24 BE = -1
A. Respiratory acidosis
B. Respiratory alkalosis
C. Metabolic alkalosis
D. Metabolic acidosis

The primary intracellular cation important for repolarization of cardiac cells is:
A. Calcium
B. Sodium
C. Magnesium
D. Potassium

The urine output of an average adult should be:
A. 10-30 cc/ hr
B. 20-50 cc/ hr
C. 30-70 cc/ hr
D. 40-90 cc/ hr

12. A ________ test is used to identify an organism, while a ________ test is used to determine the best antibiotic to use against the organism.
A. Prothrombin; culture
B. Culture; sensitivity
C. Sensitivity; Guaiac
D. Thromboplastin; staining

Which of the following is CORRECT with regard to shock?
A. General systemic response to inadequate tissue perfusion
B. A degenerative condition leading to death
C. A physiologic state of tachycardia and diaphoresis
D. Irreversible hypotension

Which of the following will occur as a result of Neurogenic shock?
A. B and C
B. The absence of sympathetic cardiac stimulation
C. Peripheral vasodilation
D. Peripheral vasoconstriction

A 31 year old female is experiencing anaphylaxis. What is the CORRECT medication given to promote vasoconstriction, bronchodilation, and inhibit further release of biochemical mediators?
A. Decadron
B. Epinephrine
C. Solumedrol
D. Benadryl

Gram negative and gram positive bacteria have been implicated as the causative factors of:
A. Pancreatitis
B. Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation
C. Sepsis
D. Multisystem organ failure

Which of the following abnormal lab values are indicative of DIC?
A. Liver function tests
B. Renal function tests
C. Serum glucose level
D. Clotting tests

Which of the following statements is CORRECT with regard to the proper infection control measures while caring for a tuberculosis patient?
A. Washing your hands after touching the patient
B. Use of a micron filter face mask
C. The use of gloves and goggles
D. The use of gloves only

In which of the following would the blood oxygen saturation be high, yet the patient still dies from hypoxia?
A. Hypothermia
B. Carbon monoxide poisoning
C. Hypovolemia
d. All of the above

The normal PaC02 for a healthy adult, breathing room air is: a. 60-80
b. 30-40
c. 35-45
d. 7.35-7.45

Which of the following is CORRECT regarding the Fi02 of room air?
A. 100%
B. 80-100 torr
C. 21%
D. 49 torr

Which of the following is CORRECT in regard to changing a patient’s oxygen delivery system prior to obtaining an ABG sample?
A. May require 15 minutes for the patient to adapt
B. Can be done if noted on the sample
C. Should not be done
D. Requires the sample be tested on two machines, and results compared

After pleural decompression, assessment observations would include:
I. Hemoptysis
II. Signs of hypoxemia
III. Lung sounds
IV. Tracheal stenosis

A. I, II, III
B. I, III, IV
C. I, II, IV
D. II, III, IV

The volume of gas inhaled or exhaled during a single respiratory cycle is called the:
A. Inspiration capacity
B. Total lung capacity
C. Tidal volume
D. Vital capacity

Which of the following IS NOT a complication of pleural decompression?
A. Infection
B. Occlusion of the 14 gauge catheter
C. Lung contusion
D. Pneumothorax

The chest tube insertion site for air removal is the:
A. Seventh intercostal space on the mid axillary line
B. Second intercostal space on the mid clavicular line
C. Second intercostal space on the mid axillary line
D. Fifth or sixth intercostal space on the mid clavicular line

Which of the following is/are TRUE with regard to the indications for clamping a chest tube?
a. To locate the source of an air leak
b. Replacing the drainage unit
c. Suspicion that the tube has been accidently dislodged
d. All of the above

A dyspneic patient complains of sharp chest pain in the upper right chest. It becomes worse on deep inspiration. Which condition would you suspect?
a. Acute bronchospasm
b. Pleuritic irritation
c. Acute myocardial infarction
d. Bronchial obstruction

Choose the blood gas sequence that indicates the need for mechanical ventilation.
a. Decreasing PO2, decreasing PCO2, normal pH
b. Increasing PO2, decreasing PCO2, increasing pH
c. Decreasing PO2, increasing PCO2, decreasing pH
d. Increasing PO2, decreasing PCO2, decreasing pH

30. Which of the following IS NOT a standard ventilator setting?
a. Peak inspiratory pressure less than 40 lpm
b. Flow rate 80-100 lpm
c. Tidal volume 12 ml/kg body weight
d. Respiratory rate 10-15 breaths per minute

Which of the following IS NOT an indication for ETT suctioning?
a. The normal cough mechanism is lost
b. Production of secretions increase
c. To maintain patency of the device
d. Monitor tube position

Which of the following abnormalities can be corrected by increased ventilation?
a. Metabolic acidosis
b. Respiratory acidosis
c. Metabolic alkalosis
d. Respiratory alkalosis

Which statement is FALSE regarding the use of Sellick’s maneuver?
a. Pressure is applied over the cricoid cartilage
b. It cannot be used on children
c. It serves to fully occlude the esophagus in the vomiting patient
d. Aids for complete visualization of the airway structures for intubation

Place the following steps for rapid sequence intubation in chronological order:
I. Apply a cardiac monitor and pulse oximeter
II. Pre-oxygenate the patient
III. Medicate the patient with succinylcholine
IV. Medicate the patient with pancuronium or vecuronium if necessary
V. Intubate the patient

a. IV, II, I, V, III, VI
b. III, I, II, IV, V, VI
c. II, I, V, III, IV, VI
d. I, II, III, V, IV

Which of the following is CORRECT regarding why a tracheostomy wound is not packed or surgically closed?
a. To allow rapid removal of the tube if necessary
b. To avoid subcutaneous emphysema
c. To avoid the possibility of infection
d. The neck tape adequately secures the tube; no other stability is needed

Which of the following is the CORRECT procedure for a crichothyrotomy incision?
a. A transverse incision is made through the superficial cricothyroid membrane
b. A transverse incision is made 1 cm superior to the suprasternal notch
c. A transverse incision is made between the fourth and fifth ribs
d. The subcutaneous tissues are infiltrated with lidocaine prior to starting the incision

Which of the following IS NOT an indication for needle cricothyrotomy:
a. Obstruction below the cricothyroid membrane
b. Manual measures for airway maintenance have failed
c. Central cyanosis
d. Endotracheal intubation is not possible

When the anterior neck is palpated from superior to inferior, the cricothyroid membrane is:
a. The first prominent structure palpated
b. The second prominent structure felt
c. Between the first and second prominent structures
d. Below the second prominent structure

Which procedure allows rapid entrance into the airway by making a horizontal incision?
a. Percutaneous transtracheal jet insufflation
b. Needle cricothyrotomy
c. Surgical cricothyrotomy
d. Retrograde surgical intubation

A stabbing incision is made at the ____________ to perform a surgical cricothyrotomy:
a. Thyroid membrane
b. Thyroid cartilage
c. Cricothyroid membrane
d. Cricoid cartilage

Which of the following is CORRECT regarding an indication for retrograde intubation?
a. Inability to fully open the patient’s mouth
b. A patient less than 5 years old
c. Lack of a laryngoscope
d. The presence of subcutaneous emphysema

Which of the following are potential side effects or complications of retrograde intubation?
I. Bleeding
II. Hypoxemia
III. Coagulation disorder
IV. The lack of a local anesthetic for the puncture site

a. I, IV
b. II, III
c. III, IV
d. I, II

Which of the following is FALSE regarding invasive line complications?
a. Sluggish infusion is often associated with catheter kinks
b. If unable to withdraw blood, flush with 20 ml of normal saline
c. Infection of the exit site requires dressing changes every 2 days
d. You can avoid catheter damage by keeping the catheter looped on the chest wall

Which of the following is CORRECT regarding CVP monitoring?
a. Allows accurate assessment of left ventricular function
b. Allows rapid assessment of left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP)
c. CVP fluctuates with right ventricular compliance
d. Accurately measures PCWP

PCWP stands for:
a. The pulmonary capillary wedge pressure
b. The right atrial afterload
c. The left atrial pressure
d. The pulmonary artery diastolic pressure

Which of the following is CORRECT regarding the difference between a spontaneously wedged catheter, as opposed to one that is occluded:
a. Aspirate for blood return
b. Inflate the balloon
c. Excessive catheter lengths are more prone to occlusion
d. Reconfirm proper transducer placement at the phlebostatic axis

Why is it best to place the alarm in the "pulse" mode rather than the "heart rate" mode?
a. It would detect bleeding from loose tubing
b. The heart rate is picked up off of the blood pressure waveform, making it more accurate
c. It would detect air in the system
d. It would detect an improperly wedged

A disease that would increase the afterload of the heart would result in a/an:
a. Increase in the cardiac index
b. Decrease in the stroke volume
c. Increase in myocardial contractility
d. Decrease in arterial pressure

What would the effect of positive pressure ventilation be on hemodynamic waveforms?
a. There would be no effects
b. The same as those associated with spontaneous respirations
c. Hemodynamic pressure waves rise during positive pressure ventilation
d. Transducer calibration would need to reflect higher pulmonary pressures

Which of the following is FALSE regarding the Rh factor?
a. It is an antigenic substance
b. It is present in the blood plasma
c. Rh positive blood administered to an Rh negative patient will result in hemolysis
d.Rh positive blood administered to an Rh negative patient will result in anemia

Which blood preparation contains the formed elements, clotting factors and antibodies?
a. Whole blood
b. Packed red blood cells
c. Fresh frozen plasma
d. Albumin

Which of the following test results would be the most helpful in assessing a patient with a bleeding disorder?
a. Red blood cell count
b. Platelet count
c. Hematocrit
d. Differential count

Which of the following statements is CORRECT with regard to decreasing the danger of transfusion reactions?
a. Administering a fluid bolus of normal saline
b. Adding normal saline to the transfusion
c. Monitoring the urine output
d. Slowly infusing blood during the first 15 minutes

Which of the following actions would be carried out INITIALLY if a patient experienced a transfusion reaction?
a. Notify medical control
b. Administer high flow oxygen
c. Discontinue the transfusion
d. Raise the patient's head and monitor vital signs

Which of the following is CORRECT in regard to diastole?
a. The tricuspid and mitral valves are closed; the aortic and pulmonic valves are open
b. It is a phase of the cardiac cycle when the myocardium contracts
c. It is a phase that is approximately twice as long as systole
d. None of the above is true

The term inotropic refers to the:
a. Heart rate
b. Contractile force
c. Automaticity
d. None of the above

A twelve lead ECG is obtained by placing _______ electrodes on the body:
a. 6
b. 8
c. 10
d. 12

Which of the following is FALSE regarding the components of the electrocardiogram?
a. Intervals are measured in fractions of seconds
b. Waveforms captured on ECG paper have three primary characteristics: amplitude, duration, and configuration
c. The first half of the P wave reflects right atrial depolarization
d. The absolute refractory period is represented by the second half of the T wave

Which of the following is/are CORRECT with regard to the QRS complex?
a. Has a normal duration in excess of 0.12 seconds
b. Produces a 50-100 mV electrical signal
c. Marks the approximate beginning of mechanical systole
d. B and C

Which of the following is/are FALSE in regard to the electrical axis of the QRS complex?
a. The QRS complex is always upright in leads V1-V6
b. The axis is abnormal if the QRS complex is upright in leads I and AVF 0
c. The QRS complex will be negative in leads I and AVF if the axis is between 0 and 90
d. All of the above

QT interval measuring can help in the diagnosis of?
a. Hyperkalemia
b. Ischemia
c. Hypothermia
d. All of the above

Which of the following statements is/are CORRECT regarding how to differentiate a right bundle branch block (RBBB) from a left bundle branch block?
a. RBBB has a characteristic RSR pattern in V1
b. RBBB has a characteristic QS pattern in V1
c. RBBB has a negative deflection of the QRS, while LBBB has a positive deflection
d. All of the above

Which of the following statements is/are CORRECT regarding right atrial hypertrophy?
a. Is often associated with right ventricular hypertrophy
b. Is often associated with tall, wide P wave morphology
c. Results from congenital heart disease or pulmonary hypertension
d. All of the above

To interpret the heart rhythm, the ICD:
a. Takes approximately 30 seconds to analyze the rhythm
b. Considers rate, onset of rate increase, and stability of the complex
c. Requires placement of 2 endocardial leads in the right and left atria
d. All of the above

Which of the following is FALSE in regard to the deactivation of an ICD?
a. A critical care transport team can deactivate the device without a physician’s
order
b. Deactivation requires the use of a magnet
c. The margins of the ICD should be palpated to determine precise location before deactivation
d. Synchronous tones indicate the device is tracking the R wave

Failure of a pacemaker to achieve electrical capture can be caused by:
a. Lead dislodgement
b. Battery depletion
c. Loose pacemaker connections
d. All of the above

Which of the following is CORRECT in regard to the proper timing of the balloon pump?
a. A patient with a heart rate of 80 bpm requires balloon inflation during diastole for 1450-1500 msec
b. An arterial catheter must be in place to monitor timing
c. The dicrotic notch identifies the point of balloon deflation during systole
d. The final step in timing is the identification of the beginning of systole and diastole on the arterial waveform

Which of the following is/are a complication associated with IABPs?
a. Arterial insufficiency
b. Infection
c. Gas embolism
d. All of the above

Which of the following describes the therapeutic effects of IABP use?
a. Balloon inflation decreases coronary artery perfusion pressure during diastole
b. Balloon deflation increases blood flow during diastole
c. IABP can positively affect afterload, preload, contractility, and rate
d. B and C

Which of the following is/are CORRECT in regard to diastolic augmentation?
a. The diastolic waveform may not be larger than the systolic waveform
b. Augmentation helps increase coronary perfusion
c. Augmentation occurs with inflation of the IAB during diastole
d. All of the above

Which of the following statements is/are NOT CORRECT in regard to the proper positioning of the intra-aortic balloon?
a. The Seldinger technique for catheter placement can be used
b. Balloon placement should be beneath the renal arteries
c. Balloon placement should be in the thoracic aorta, distal to the left subclavian artery
d. None of the above

Which of the following statements is CORRECT with regard to the mechanism of action of Haloperidol?
a. Is the opposite of Thorazine
b. Enhances Dopamine receptors associated with mood and behavior
c. Has strong Anticholinergic properties
d. Is similar to Phenothiazines

Which of the following is/are a medication(s) used to reverse the effects of sedation?
a. Propofol
b. Romazicon
c. Flumazenil
d. B and C

Which of the following medications is a sedative hypnotic used to induce and maintain anesthesia?
a. Propofol
b. Morphine
c. Romazicon
d. Ativan

Which of the following is CORRECT regarding the use of Succinylcholine?
a. It is the slowest acting non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent
b. It has prominent effects on consciousness and pain
c. It can administered 1.5 mg/kg
d. It can decrease intraocular pressure

Prolonged paralysis is a significant concern for:
a. Patients with renal failure
b. Elderly patients
c. Patients receiving positive chronotropic drugs
d. All of the above

Which of the following is INCORRECT regarding the use of Theophylline?
a. It can cause an allergic reaction
b. It has a long half-life
c. Administration at a rate of greater than 10 ml/min will result in hypertension
d. Toxicity may be exhibited by nausea, vomiting, ventricular dysrhythmias and death.

The effects of beta 2 stimulation include:
a. Histamine inhibition
b. Increased inotropic activity
c. Vasoconstriction
d. Bronchodilation

Which of the following is CORRECT regarding the administration of Dopamine?
a. It results in predominantly alpha effects at moderate dose
b. It results in renal dilation at low dose
c. It stimulates dopaminergic receptors at high dose
d. It results in significant vasoconstriction at low dose

Which of the following is/are CORRECT regarding the use of plasmanate?
I. It contains albumin, sodium, and globulin
II. It is given at a rate of 100 ml/min
III. It expands 1 ml per every ml administered
IV. It causes severe hypertension

a. I
b. I, III
c. III, IV
d. I, II, IV

A 55 year old female is experiencing a hypertensive emergency. You may administer a calcium channel blocker known as _______, or an ACE inhibitor, known as_______:
a. Clonidine, Captopril
b. Captopril, Nifedipine
c. Nifedipine, Clonidine
d. Nifedipine, Captopril

Which of the following is CORRECT with regard to Magnesium sulfate?
a. The first line medication for the treatment of bronchoconstriction
b. Used after beta agonists have failed to correct bronchoconstriction
c. Able to inhibit cellular sodium uptake
d. Administered 100 - 200 mg in 50 ml, over 20 minutes

Which of the following is/are CORRECT regarding Class III Antidysrhythmics?
a. Can effectively shorten PR, QRS, and QT intervals
b. Includes Amiodarone
c. Are used to treat ventricular tachycardia
d. B and C

Calcium Channel Blockers:
a. Increase conduction velocity and automaticity in the SA and AV nodes
b. Are used to treat wide complex SVT
c. Include Diltiazem
d. Can aid patients with sick sinus syndrome

Which of the following is/are CORRECT regarding thrombolytic therapy?
a. Patients younger than 75 years of age derive the greatest benefits
b. Patients younger than 75 years of age are at greater risk for bleeding complications
c. Their use can result in early reperfusion and limited infarct size
d. All of the above

Which of the following is an adverse reaction to TPA?
a. Fever
b. Intracranial bleeding
c. Hypertension
d. None of the above

You need to administer a loading dose of 5 mg/kg of Aminophylline to a 110 pound adult female with asthma. This dose is to be administered over 30 minutes. You have a 250 ml bag of normal saline, a 500 mg vial of Aminophylline, and a 10 gtts/cc administration set. What is the concentration of the Aminophylline when mixed in the bag?
a. 1 mg/ ml
b. 2mg/ml
c. 3mg/ml
d. 4mg/ml

What is the actual dose of Aminophylline to be administered to the patient?
a. 100 mg
b. 250 mg
c. 400 mg
d. 500 mg

How many milliliters of Aminophylline must you administer?
a. 50 ml
b. 100 ml
c. 125 ml
d. 250 ml

How many drops would you run this initial drip?
a. 33 gtts / min
b. 42 gtts / min
c. 66 gtts / min
d. 83 gtts / min

A trauma patient presents with left upper quadrant pain, and referred pain to the scapulae. These complaints most likely are from an injury to the:
a. Liver
b. Aortic arch
c. Gall bladder
d. Spleen

Which of the following is/are CORRECT with regard to the presentation of patients with liver ailments?
a. Jaundice.
b. Clotting disorders.
c. Inability to tolerate low-fat diets.
d. A and B

The diagnostic phenomenon occurring when some signals arising from nerves in one part of the body are mistaken by the central nervous for signals from another area is/are known as:
a. Rebound tenderness
b. Referred pain
c. Murphy’s sign
d. BandC

Of the following patients, which would be a good candidate for placement of a nasogastric tube:
a. A trauma patient with a suspected basilar skull fracture
b. A patient with a nasal fracture and deviated septum
c. A patient with a perforated esophagus
d. A patient with a distended abdomen

After inserting a nasogastric tube 10 centimeters, you suddenly meet resistance and cannot further advance the tube. Your next action should be:
a. Have the patient continue to swallow
b. Add lubricant to the tube
c. Remove the tube and reattempt placement
d. Twist the tube and advance it more forcefully

Which of the following patients IS NOT a candidate for placement of a Foley catheter?
a. A 78-year-old male complaining of urinary retention secondary to prostatic hypertrophy
b. A 21-year-old female about to undergo emergency surgery following a high-speed motor vehicle accident
c. A 49-year-old male, just admitted to ICU, still unconscious following open- heart bypass surgery
d. A 6-year-old male, in the ER for acute epiglottitis

Which of the following is FALSE in regard to assessment methods following the insertion of a Foley catheter?
a. Palpation of the kidneys
b. Checking tube for urine drainage
c. Adjusting tube for patient comfort
d. Inflating balloon for adequate security of catheter

Which of the following IS NOT considered abnormal findings in urine?
a. Leukocytes
b. Erythrocytes
c. Urochromes
d. Albumin

During transport, the collection bag for the Foley catheter should be:
a. Hung above the patient, preferably at the same level as the patient's IV bag b. Hung at a lower level than the patient's bladder
c. Hung on the edge of cot, with the tubing clamped securely
d. Removed, since the Foley catheter should be discontinued during transport

Which of the following is CORRECT regarding the inclusion of risk factors for renal failure?
a. Diabetes
b. Diverticulitis
c. Stomach Ulcers
d. High cholesterol

Peritoneal dialysis utilizes the concept of osmosis and diffusion of waste products within the peritoneal cavity. Diffusion is defined as:
a. Movement of water molecules from higher concentration to lower concentration
b. Movement of particles from higher concentration to lower concentration
c. Movement of particles from lower concentration to higher concentration
d. Movement of particles utilizing insulin as a facilitator

103. A "fistula" is a/an:
a. Artificial graft placed on a blood vessel
b. Surgically created anastomosis between an artery and a vein
c. Opening into the peritoneum for dialysis access
d. Portion of the dialysis machine that filters waste products from blood

Which of the following IS NOT a major component of a Neurological Examination?
a. Mental status
b. Cranial nerve function
c. Receptive nerve function
d. Sensory nerve function

A common test that could be used to check for cerebellar function which is conducted by having the patient stand with feet together, with his eyes open and then with his eyes closed and observing for any sway or loss of balance is called:
a. Cushing's test
b. Rapidly alternating movement test
c. Romberg test
d. Halo test

According to the Monroe-Kellie Doctrine, intracranial volume is composed of:
a. 10% CSF, 80% blood and 15% brain mass
b. 10% CSF, 15% blood and 80% brain mass
c. 05% CSF, 10% blood and 80% brain mass
d. 10% CSF, 10% blood and 80% brain mass

The point at which displaced volume has been exhausted and a severe rise in ICP is caused by a small increase in volume is seen on an ICP monitor as:
a. A flat line
b. A curved line
c. A vertical inflection point
d. None of the above

The normal measurement of ICP is between ___ and ___ mmHg.:
a. 0, 10
b. 5, 15
c. 15, 20
d. 20, 25

109. An abnormal wave formation involving plateau waves resembling a pattern similar to ventricular fibrillation, and indicating impending herniation and neurological deterioration:
a. A waves
b. B waves
c. C waves
d. D waves

You are transporting a patient with an ICP monitor, and the patient starts to become restless, disoriented, and agitated. The heart monitor shows a sinus rhythm with occasional PVCs. Your initial treatment should include:
a. 25g of D50 to reverse hypoglycemia
b. 100% oxygen to reverse hypoxia
c. 0.2 mg of Fentanyl to achieve a sedative effect, causing hypotension and reducing ICP
d. 40 mg of Lasix to cause the desired diuretic effect

Which of the following is/are CORRECT with regard to the results of an increase in intracranial pressure?
a. Seizures
b. Brain herniation
c. Stroke
d. All of the above

Which of the following medications will help decrease ICP?
a. Mannitol
b. Nitrous oxide
c. Thiopental
d. A and C

Which patient presentation would MOST concern you?
a. An 8 month old infant with a respiratory rate of 60, nasal flaring, warm dry skin, and capillary refill time under 1 second
b. A 5 year old with a respiratory rate of 12, severe intercostals retractions, abdominal breathing, mottled upper and lower extremities, and cool dry skin
c. A 13 month old with a heart rate of 135, skin rash, hot moist skin, and a blood pressure of 80/52
d. A 2 year old with a respiratory rate of 44, nasal flaring, mild sternal retractions, and blood pressure of 86/50

Which of the following statements is FALSE in regard to reducing fear in the pediatric patient?
a. Tower over the child when talking to him/her
b. Allow parents to remain with the child
c. Use age appropriate words
d. Always tell children the truth about procedures and pain

Which of the following is/are CORRECT with regard to the pediatric cardiovascular system?
I. Immature sympathetic system
II. Hypotension is an early sign of shock
VII. Cardiac output is rate dependent
VIII. Heart is proportionally larger than in an adult
a. I, III
b. I, III, IV
c. II, III
d. III, IV

When administering Colloids to a pediatric patient, what is the CORRECT flow rate?
a. 20 cc/kg
b. 5 cc/kg
c. 10 cc/kg
d. 1-2 cc/kg

Which of the following is/are CORRECT when assessing VP or VA shunt mechanical malfunctions?
I. Vomiting
II. Seizures
III. normothermic
IV. Signs of increased intracranial pressure

a. II
b. III, IV
c. I, II, IV
d. I, II, III, IV

When using a Buretrol to administer medications to a pediatric patient, which of the following would be the CORRECT way to calculate the dosage:
a. 1 mg of drug x child’s weight (lbs) in 100 cc fluid
b. 5 mg of drug x child’s weight (kg) in 50 cc fluid
c. 3 mg of drug x child’s weight (kg) in 75 cc fluid
d. 6 mg of drug x child’s weight (kg) in 100 cc fluid

You are transporting a 4 year old child who requires reversal of a narcotic. Which of the following is the CORRECT dose of Narcan to use?
a. 0.1 mg/kg
b. 0.01 mg/kg
c. 2mgIV,IMorSQ
d. 0.05-1 mg

You are caring for a 3 year old, 15 kg child who requires intubation. The CORRECT size ET tube to select is:
a. 4.0 uncuffed
b. 4.5 uncuffed
c. 5.0 cuffed
d. 5.5 cuffed

Pregnancy produces changes to the cardiovascular system, such as:
a. Increased blood volume & cardiac output; decrease in peripheral vascular resistance and blood pressure
b. Decreased heart rate and cardiac output
c. Passive filling of the placental unit to circulate blood to the fetus
d. Higher cardiac outputs and decreased preload

DIC may develop in pregnancy when the following conditions exist:
a. Hemorrhage, sepsis or preterm
b. Hemorrhage, sepsis, mild pre-eclampsia or fetal death
c. Trauma, sepsis or placenta previa
d. Abruptio placentae, severe preeclampsia, sepsis or fetal death

Regarding pregnancy-induced hypertension, which of the following fetal complications is/are CORRECT?
I. Growth retardation
II. Fetal distress
III. Abruptio Placenta
IV. Fetal death

a. IV, II
b. I, III, IV
c. III only
d. All of the above

Premature rupture of membranes is characterized by all of the following EXCEPT:
a. Rupture of membranes prior to 37 weeks
b. Results in a high risk of infection
c. Fluid is brownish in color and foul-smelling
d. None of the above

Prior to interfacility transport of a patient in pre-term labor, the Critical Care Professional should obtain which of the following:
I. Fundal height
II. Dilitation
III. Effacement
IV. Allergies
V. Station

a. I, II, III
b. I, II, III, IV and V
c. II, IV and V
d. I, III and V

With regard to major complications of electrical burns, which of the following IS NOT correct?
a. Results in fractures
b. Causes cardiac dysrhythmias
c. Extent of burn predicted by BSA
d. Causes compartment syndrome

Inhalation injuries are characterized by which of the following:
a. Singed nasal hairs
b. Soot in or around the mouth
c. Dyspnea
d. All of the above

When caring for a critical burn patient, which of the following is of greatest concern within the first
24 hours?
a. Septic shock
b. Hypertension
c. Hyperglycemia
d. Hypovolemic shock

Morphine is the drug of choice for pain management in the burn patient, which of the following is the most appropriate route of administration?
a. IM
b. IV
c. ETT
d. SQ

Fluid resuscitation of a burn patient is based on which of the following:
a. Parkland formula
b. Total body surface area burned
c. Severity and location of the burns
d. Administration of 20 cc/kg