-
Treatment and Prognosis of Anemia
- Treat underlying cause with Supplemental therapy
- ----Iron deficiency child bearing
- ----Blood transfusion bc surgery
- ----Kidney disease: given EPO
- ----Epogen stimulate RBC production
- Androgens to stimulate RBC’s
- Splenectomy
- ---- RBC not destroyed
- EPO (erythropoietin)
-
Fe deficiency anemia
Increased HR with little work so May not tolerate endurance program
-
Polycythemia Vera (erythrocytosis)
- Myeloproliferative-
- ----Neoplastic disease of the bone marrow stem cell where bone marrow doesn’t know when to stop making RBC
- Erythroid cell Continue to grow, don’t know when to stop
- Risk increases with
- ----Age
- ----Men
- ----Radiation exposure?
-
Polycythemia Signs and Symptoms
- Increased viscosity
- ----Bc too many RBC
- ----Heart have to work harder (HR?)
- ----Can lead to heart failure
- Hct exceeds 60%
- Skin discoloration
- Gout
- ----Arthritis due to build up of uric acid
- Insidious onset
- ----Don’t know it is happening until get blood test
-
-
Absolute versus relative polycythemia
- Absolute: definitive increase in RBC but same volume
- Relative: RBC stay the same, decrease in blood volume
-
Polycythemia Treatment
- Reduce blood volume
- Chemotherapy
- ----Hydroxyuria: Attacks RBC to decrease number circulating
-
Polycythemia Prognosis
- Good with treatment
- Risk of stroke, MI, thromboembolism
- *GOAL IS TO PREVEN CLOTTING!
-
Leukocytes
- Granulocytes
- ----Basophils
- ----Eosinophils
- ----Neutrophils (PMN)
- --------Bacteria
- --------First line of defense
- --------Contain lysine agent to break down foreign material
- Monocytes
- ----Immature and Form macrophages when attach to bacteria
- Lymphocytes
- ----Assist in the immune response
-
Leukocytosis
- Transient increase in leukocytes
- Treat underlying cause
- ----Caused by corticosteroids (prednisone)
- Prognosis dependent on underlying cause
-
Leukopenia
- Reduction in the number of leukocytes
- Increase risk for infectious disease
- Treatment directed at the cause
- ----if chemo problem Neupogen: stimulates WBC formation
-
Basophilia
- Myeloproliferative disorders
- Increased number of basophils
- ----Problem with bone marrow
- ----Can see with polysythemiara and allergic reactions
-
Eosinophilia
- Increase in eosinophills
- Seen with allergic reactions and asthma
-
Neutrophilia
- Granulocytosis
- ----Increased in granulocytes
- Seen in Inflammation and Infection
|
|
