large animal nematodes - Equine, ruminants, and swine

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What are the categories for 'Small and Large Strongyles' in horses
Phylum:
Order:
Family:
Sub-Family: (small and large)
- Nematoda
- Strongylida
- Strongyloidea
- Cyathostominae (small strongyles)
- Strongylinae (large strongyles)
What are two nicknames for 'large stongyles'
- bloodworms
- redworms
What is considered the the most dangerous of the large strongyles

Strongylus vulgaris
what are the three types of large strongyles
- Strongylus vulgaris
- Strongylus equinus
- Strongylus edentates
What are two other species that Strongyles are found in
- Elephants
- Rhinoceroses
Why are small strongyles not considered as pathogenic as large strongyles

They migrate mucosally and don't migrate viscerally like the large Strongyles do.
In Strongyle sp. what isteh ring like fence of projections that surround the mouth. Keep in mind Strongyles have no teeth or cutting plates.

corona radiata
What are the two most common large Strongyles sp. in the US
- Strongylus vulgaris
- Strongylus edentatus
What is the primary cause of colic in horses

Parasites, leading to pain, colic and eventually death of the horse
What are 6 intresting characteristics of Strongylus vulgaris
- smallest of three lg. strongyles
- most pathogenic
- shortest prepatent period of 6 months, the others are 11 months
- smallest of the eggs
- migration via the intestinal arterial system (cranial mesenteric artery) leading to colic and death.
- Most common cause of colic and death due to colic in the U.S.
What is the drug/procedure used to treat for pain in a horse with colic
- Banamine
- laxatives via naso-gastric tube and mineral oil
Explain why S. vulgaris is so pathogenic to a horse

Movement of the 4th stage larvae resulting in inflammation of arteries, clots, and moving clots that block the flow of blood to the intestines resulting in death of the bowel, no movement of enteric contents, leading to colic, pain and eventually death.
How many species of small strongyles are there

58
What is considered the largest Ascarid in domestic animals

Parascaris equorum in horses
What is the taxonomy for 'pinworms' in horses
Phylum:
Order:
Family:
- Nematoda
- Ascaridae
- Oxyuroidea
What are the nicknames for Oxyuris equi
- Pinworm
- Nocturnal worm
Where is the target area for Strongyles in horses
- cecum
- colon
Oxyuris equi is said to have this life cycle

direct life cycle
What is the 'pinworm of man' and what is its nickname
- Enterobius vermicularis
- "Seatworm of man"
Where is the target location for Enterobius vermicularis in humans
- Appendix
- large intestine
- female genitalia
This condition is caused by Oxyuris eggs being attached to the skin around the anus causing itching.

Pruritus ani (itchy anus)
What is the most common cause of death in horses in the US

Colic due to parasites
What are three genuses and species under the Family Oxyuroidea
- Oxyyuris equi
- Enterrobius vermicularis
- Probstymarea vivipara
What is a nickname for Probstmayria viviparous

The minute pinworm
What is the target location for Probstmayria viviparous

Large intestines
Another term for pregnant

Gravid
What is the taxonomy for 'Parascaris equorum' in horses
Phylum:
Order:
Family:
- Nematoda
- Ascaridae
- Ascaridoidea
What is Parascaris equorum closely related to

Ascaris suum in pigs
What is the only Ascarid in horses

Parascaris equorum
What is the Ascarid that causes foal heat

Parascaris equorum
What are the three types of bot flies
- Gastrophilus intestinalis
- Gastrophilus nasalis
- Gastrophilus haemorrhoidalis
What is the proprietary name for 'Task' for horses

Equigard (Dichlorvos)
Why do we wait one month after the first frost in order to deworm horses

Allow the recently acquired larvae to complete their journey in the oral tissue and to reach the stomach so the drugs can effectively kill them.
What are 4 drugs used to treat for bots
- Carbon disulfide - Parvex Plus
- Dichlorvos - Equigard
- Tricholorfon - Combot
- Ivermectin - Ivermectin (drug of choice)
What are two organophosphates used to treat for bots
- Dichlorvos - Equigard
- Trichlorfon - Combot
What two parasites are shared with horses and other species
- Trichostrongylus axei - ruminants
- Strongylus westeri - swine
What are 5 stomach worms living in the abomasum of ruminants
- Hamonchus placei
- Hamonchus contortus
- Trichostrongylus axei
- Ostertagia ostertagi
- Mecistocirrus
What is the taxonomy for Trichostrongylus axei
Phylum:
Order:
Family:
- Nematoda
- Strongylida
- Trichostrongylidae
What parasites are considered more devastating in ruminants

Stomach worms
What two genus's cause 'Summer sores' in horses
- Habronema sp.
- Drashchia megastoma
What is the taxonomy for Habronema sp.
Phylum:
Order:
Super family:
Family:
- Nematoda
- Spirurida
- Spiruroidea
- Habronematidae
What are two ways that habronema and draschia are transmitted by flies
- Larvae on the skin
- Flies that are consumed
Habronema if ingested is said to cause ____, where as Draschia is said to cause this
- Ulcers
- tumors
What is the intermediate host for tapeworms in horses

Mites
What are the 4 parts of a ruminants stomach
- Rumen
- Reticulum
- Omasum
- Abomasum
All ruminant stomach worms are found in which stomach

Abomasum 'true stomach'
What are the two hookworms of ruminants
- Bunostomum phlebotomum
- Bunostomum trigonocephalum
What are two ways that ruminant hookworms are transmitted
- Skin penetration
- Oral consumption of larvae from food and/or water
What are the Genus of parasites under the order Strongylida
- Ostertagia
- Haemonchus
- Cooperia
- Trichostrongylus
- Telodorsagia
- Mecistocirrus
- Oesophagostomum
- Bunostomum
- Chabertia
- Camelostrongylus
- Lamanema
What is the taxonomy of stomach worms for ruminants
Phylum:
Order:
Family:
- Nematoda
- Strongylida
- Trichostrongyloidea
What is the swelling from the jaw to the chest called in ruminants, caused by stomach worms

Anasarca "Briskets Disease"
What is a term for a parasitic worm

Helminths
This drug was used to kill lungworm's in ruminants and as a immunostimulant in humans

Lavamicide
Most verminous pneumonias are caused by this genus and species

Protostrongylus rufescens
What is considered the most deadly lungworm for ruminants

Protostrongylus rufecens
What is the largest nematode in the human intestine and the most prevalent parasite of humans in the world

Ascaris lumbricoides
What is the percent of people infected with A. lumbricoides in the world

25% of the worlds population
What is the respiratory symptom called in swine with migrating Ascarids

Thumps
When Ascarids migrate in swine it causes consolidation in the liver commonly called

Milk spots
What are two things that can disqualify and pig from show
- Deviated septum
- Thumps
Even though Protostrongylus rufescens is a lungworm it belongs to the super family

Metastrongyloidea
What is the only lungworm of ruminants that has a indirect life cycle

Protostrongylus fufescens
what is the universal ID system for pigs called

Universal Ear Notching System
What are two Ascarids that do not feed on mucosa lining but the actual contents of the intestines
- Ascaris suum
- Ascaris lumbricoides
What is the first and second most common parasite for swine
- Ascaris suum
- Stephanurus dentatus
What is the taxonomy for Stephanurus dentatus
Phylum:
Order:
Family:
- Nematoda
- Strongylida
- Strongylidea
What is the nick name for Stephanurus dentatus

Common kidney worm
What drug is used to treat Ascarids in swine

Thibendazole
What is the taxonomy for Rhabditoids in swine
Phylum:
Order:
Family:
- Nematoda
- Rhabditida
- Rhabdiasoidea
What is the main route of transmission for Ascarids, Strongyloides, and Stephanurus dentatus in swine

Transmammary
What are the three Rhabditoids found in swine
- Strongyloides westeri
- Strongyloides suis
- Strongyloides apri
What is the order for Physocephalus sexalatus and Ascarops strongylina

Spirurida
What is the nickname for Macracanthorhyncus hirudinaceous in swine

Thorny headed worm
Why was M. hirudinaceous considered a Nematode instead of a Cestode

because it had a pseudocoelom
What is the family for Oesophagostomum in ruminants

Syngamoidea
Oesophagostomum in ruminants is said to cause this disease

nodular worm disease
Which nodular worm in ruminants is found in the large intestine and form black nodules there

Oesophagostomum columbianum "sheep nodular worm"
What is the nickname for Dictyocaulus viviparous

Husk
What are all lungworm disease called in ruminants

Dicytocauliasis

Author

rpanek

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Card Set

large animal nematodes - Equine, ruminants, and swine

Description

para internal

Updated

2015-06-14T22:11:54Z

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