250mcg/ml contains 250 of FP (micronized) as a buffered isotonic saline suspension
TRUE OR FALSE
Asthma is a common and potentially serious chronic disease that can be controlled and cured.
False
can be controlled but not cured
Difficulty breathing air out of the lungs are due to?
A. Increased mucus
B. Bronchoconstriction
C. Airway wall thickening
How many people in the world currently have asthma?
300 million
Global prevalence is increasing by how many percent each decade?
50%
True or False
Increase in atopic sensitization paralleled by similar increases in other allergic disorder such as eczema and rhinitis?
TRUE
True or False....
Asthma is a major cause of school and wok absence?
TRUE
What are the burden of Asthma?
Considerable economic cost.
A. Direct medical costs ( hospital admissions, cost of pharmaceutical )
B. Indirect medical costs ( time lost from work and premature death )
What happen to mast cells binding to inhaled allergens or antigens?
They become activated and go through degradation to release histamine.
True or False
Inflammatory mediators cause inflammation and Bronchoconstriction directly.
True
What is the main inflammatory cells in asthma?
Eosinophil
What is the effects of Eosinophil?
Eosinophil release proteins that have toxic effect on airway epithelium cause death and shedding of epithelial cells increase permeability of airways to allergens and results in loss of protective effects of epithelial cell layer.
Asthma is a 2 - component disease consisting of what?
A. Airway inflammation
B. Hyperresponsive ( exaggerated Bronchoconstriction in response to stimuli )
What are the Non Pharmacological Interventions?
A. Avoidance of tobacco smoke exposure
B. Physical activity
C. Occupational asthma
D. Avoid medications that may worsen asthma
E. Breathing techniques
F. Allergen avoidance
True or False
Asthma is the most common chronic disease of childhood morbidity from chronic disease as measured by school absences, ER visits and hospitalizations.
TRUE
True or False
Asthma often begins in early childhood; in up to half of people with asthma, symptoms commence during childhood.
True
True or False
Onset of Asthma is earlier in females than males.
False
Onset of Asthma is earlier in males than females
True or False
atopy is present in the majority of children with asthma who are less than 3 years old.
False
atopy is present in the majority of children with asthma who are over 3 years old.
What are the 2 Goals In Asthma Management?
A. To achieve good control of symptoms and maintain normal activity levels
B. To minimize future risk that is to reduce the risk of flare ups
What are the 4 asthma symptom control based on GINA assessment of Asthma control in children 5 years and younger?
A . daytime asthma symptoms more than twice/ week
B. Any night waking due to asthma
C. Reliever needed for symptoms more than twice / week
D. any activity limitation due to asthma
What are the risk factors for asthma exacerbations within the next few Months?
A. Uncontrolled asthma symptoms
B. 1 or more severe exacerbation in previous year
C. The start of the child's usual flare up season (esp autumn / fall)
D. Exposures : tobacco smoke, indoor or outdoor air pollution; indoor allergens
E. Major psychological or socio economic problems
F. Poor adherence with controller medication or incorrect inhaler technique
What are the risk factors for fixed airflow limitation?
A. Severe asthma with several hospitalizations
B. History of brnchilitis
What are the risk factors for medication side effects?
A. Systemic: frequent OCS, long term, high dose and / or potent ICS
B. Local: moderate/high dose or potent ICS; incorrect inhaler technique
Why is the consideration for step up from step 1 to step 2?
Infrequent viral wheezing and or no few interval symptoms
What is the preferred controller choice for step 2?
Daily low dose ICS
What are the consideration for step up from step 2 to 3?
A. Symptoms pattern consistent with asthma and asthma symptoms not well controlled or >= 3 exacerbations per year
B. Symptoms pattern not consistent with asthma but wheezing episodes occurs frequently eg every 6-8 weeks
