CT part 3

loose, primitive CT in embryo

Function: meshwork to allow cells and fluids to move within an organ

Components: mesenchymal cells with stellate or spindle-shape, ECM has abundant ground substance for cell and metabolite exchange with vessels and fine fibrillar matrix of reticular fibers

in umbilical cord to resist compression and kinking of cord

• Components: mesenchymal cells, ECM has fine fibrillar type 3 and some type 1 collagen and ground substance is rich in
• hyaluronic acid/ sulfated GAGs to draw in water to resist compression

brown color comes from rich vascularity and many mitochondria

function: convert lipid into thermal energy to keep fetus warm

Components: multiocular adipocytes, ECM has type 3 collagen fibers with little ground substance

flexible, avascular, aneural tissue that resists compression and provides framework for other tissues

hyaline, elastic, and fibrocartilage

the first 2 are surrounded by perichondrium

cells: chondrocytes

ECM: type 2 collagen fibrils (doesn't form fibers), elastic fibers only produced in elastic cartilage

Ground substance: highly specialized by proteoglycan named aggrecan that concentrates sulfated GAGs (keratin sulfate and chondoitin sulfate), increased water resists compression while allowing free diffusion

glassy, nonfibrous, translucent in appearance and surrounded by perichondrium

location: conducting portions of resp. pathway and on articular surfaces of bones

Cells: chondrocytes located in lacunas produce matrix that is first concentrated around cell as territorial matrix and spreads to become interterritorial matrix

outer fibrous layer with fibroblasts blending with surrounding tissue

inner chondrogenic layer that can produce more chondrocytes

appositional: cells in inner chondrogenic layer divide & add to outer cartilage to allow hyaline cartilage to grow at edges

• interstitial growith: mitoses produce isogenous cell groups within cartilage matrix to allow hyaline cartilage to grow from
• inside

hyaline at bone surfaces of synovial jts promotes smooth sliding of jt surfaces and resists compression

there is NO perichondrium along jt surfaces

-has perichondrium, cells more tightly packed than in hyaline, has type 2 collagen & elastic fibers

location: external ear, ext. auditory canal, auditory tubes, and epiglottis

location: pubic symphisis, intervertebral discs, menisci of knee, temporomandibular and sternoclavicular jts

composition: combo of dense irreg CT and chondrocytes with NO perichondrium, continuous with bone

H/E stain: hyaline cartilage like cells in matrix of mixed fibers

damage is replaced by scarring with dense CT with collagen 1 fibers

ossification happens with age (marrow seen where it shouldn't exist)

erosion of hyaline cartilage lining jt surfaces

loss of aneural cartilage allows grinding of bones leading to pain