Ethics Final 1-50

Which of the following best describes ethics?
A) it is a form of the "golden rule"
B) a body of beliefs about right and wrong handed down from one generation to the next
C) a branch of philosophy that uses reason to support positions
D) behavior that is agreed upon to be moral by the majority

Metaethics is largely about studying:
A) which ethical decisions are practical
B) those things which are beyond normal ethics
C) historical literature about ethics
D) the meaning of ethical language

The phrase that describes the middle point between excess and deficiency is the:
A) moral virtue
B) virtuous center
C) excess/deficiency line
D) lesser of two evils

Which of the following is not a reason given for developing our natural moral reasoning skills?
A) we should be able to critically evaluate our won beliefs
B) people of all perspectives should be able to hold meaningful dialogue with each other
C) the diversity of the community necessitates values built of reason
D) as we develop our skills we will be able to win more ethical arguments

An ethical theory:
A) reserves judgment of acts as right or wrong
B) provides norms for judging acts to be right or wrong while withholding justification for the norms
C) provides norms for judging acts to be right or wrong and attempts to give a justification for these norms
D) cannot be used to justify a normative act

Ethics requires skillful reasoning. Which of the following is not important to making a good argument?
A) the structure of the argument
B) the argument leads to the right conclusion
C) the argument has internal logic
D) the conclusion follows from the premises

Another name for a good argument is:
A) a fair argument
B) a winning argument
C) a correct argument
D) a sound argument

People's liberty may be restricted to prevent them from doing harmful things to themselves. This statement is a definition of:
A) legal paternalism
B) natural law theory
C) the harm principle
D) the offense principle

This writer was considered to be one of the most intelligent men of his time. He is generally held to be one of the most profound and effective spokesmen for the utilitarian view. He was also a strong supporter of personal liberty while strongly criticizing society for its treatment of women. His name was:
A) Immanuel Kant
B) John Stuart Mill
C) Jeremy Bentham
D) James Mill

Euthyphro is about:
A) the nature of goodness
B) relationship of humans to the gods
C) the question of capital punishment
D) how gods are wiser than humans

Ethical relativism holds that:
A) there is no objective right and wrong
B) right and wrong are not really knowable
C) all actions are equally moral
D) some actions are more right than others

Which is not a reason for supporting ethical relativism?
A) diversity of moral views
B) situational differences
C) social  cohesion
D) moral uncertainty

According to Hume, principles of morality are:
A) based on what a person feels like doing in any given situation
B) not derived from reason, but from moral sentiments
C) derived from the nature of reason itself
D) the will of god

Which liberty limiting principle is generally accepted as a valid autonomy limiting principle?
A) the principle of paternalism
B) the offense principle
C) the principle of legal moralism
D) the harm principle

According to Aristotle there are two basic types of virtues:
A) moral and practical
B) intellectual and theoretical
C) theoretical and practical
D) intellectual and moral

Which of the following is not an example of ethical egoism?
A) we should treat others well so they will treat others well
B) we should treat others well because we want to be treated well in return
C) we should work hard because a "job well done is its own reward"
D) we should work hard because doing so is a good model for our children

The Ring of Gyges can best be described as which of the following?
A) a ring that represents a committed romance
B) a ring of inheritance indicating royalty
C) a geological formation in ancient Greece
D) a ring that can make the wearer invisible

What does Glaucon want to demonstrate by giving two people rings?
A) the people are children of the king
B) even "good" people will do evil if they can act without consequence
C) people can be trusted with great power
D) the people have deep bond with each other

The utilitarian would consider abortion to be:
A) immoral because the act of creating was an extension of a god-given ability
B) "right" because it appears to render an outcome that benefits a lot of people
C) a function of a cost-benefit plan
D) "wrong" because it destroys life

Which of the following was not one of the founders of utilitarianism?
A) Rene Descartes
B) John Stuart Mill
C) James Mill
D) Jeremy Bentham

According to utilitarianism which of the following is an intrinsic good?
A) justice
B) love
C) pleasure
D) power