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Politics
The social institution through which power is acquired and exercised by some people and groups.
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Government
The formal organization that create rules how to interact with people.
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Power
- The ability to make people do what you want them to do.
- Source of Power:
- -Force: actual and threatened coercion
- -Influence: power of persuasion
- -Authority: Institutionalized power has to be recognized (teacher, police officer)
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Traditional Authority
Custom & accepted practice, monarchy (property being passed down from generation to generation or inheritance)
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Rational-Legal Authority
Power legitimized by law or written rules and regulations. (President, Kings/Queens)
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Charismatic Authority
People who like what you say and then follow. (Cults, Hitler, Joel Osteen, Oprah)
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Capitalism
Private ownership, profit and consumer driven, free of government interference.
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Sociology
The systematic study of human society and social interaction.
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Sociological Imagination
The ability to see the relationship between individual experiences and the larger society.
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Functionalist Perspective
The sociological approach that views society as a stable, orderly system.
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Conflict Perspectives
- Life rarely runs smooth and conflict is a natural part of social relationships.
- Society is based on competition over scarce resources.
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Symbolic Interactionist Perspectives
- Generalize about everyday forms of interaction in order to explain society as a whole.
- Occurs when people communicate through the use of symbols.
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Anomie
A condition in which social control becomes ineffective as a result of the loss of shared values and of a sense of purpose in society.
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Ethnography
A detailed study of the life and activities of a group of people by researchers who may live with that group over a period of years.
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Quantitative Research
Scientific objectivity and focus on data that can be measured numerically.
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Subculture
A group of people who share a distinctive set of cultural beliefs and behaviors that differs in some significant way from that of the larger society.
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Mores
Strongly held norms with moral and ethical connotations that may not be violated without serious consequences in a particular culture.
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Impression Management
People's efforts to present themselves to others in ways that are most favorable to their own interests or image.
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Assimilation
A process by which members of subordinate racial and ethnic groups become absorbed into the dominant culture.
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Social Mobility
The movement of individuals or groups from one level in a stratification system to another.
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Polyandry
Marriage with one woman and two or more men.
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Profane
The everyday, secular, or "worldly" aspects of life.
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