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Which particles are inside an atomic nucleus?
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Which particles orbit the atomic nucleus?
Electrons
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What are the relative masses of
a) protons,
b) neutrons
c) electrons
- Relative masses
- protons=1
- neutrons=1,
- electrons= 1/1840
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What are the relative electric charges of
a) protons,
b) neutrons
c) electrons
- Charges
- Protons = +1
- neutrons = 0,
- electrons = -1
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Name two natural sources of background radiation
- rocks
- cosmic rays from space
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Name two man-made sources of background radiation
- nuclear accidents
- nuclear weapons tests
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Which radioactive particle is a fast-moving electron?
Beta particle
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Which type of radiation is not a particle?
- Gamma ray
- (it is electromagnetic radiation)
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Order the 3 types of radiation by decreasing ionising power
- 1) Alpha (most ionising),
- 2) beta,
- 3) gamma (least ionising)
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Which type of radiation has a range of 2-3 cm in air?
Alpha particles
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Which type of radiation is stopped by thin aluminium?
- Beta particles
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Which type of radiation has a negative charge?
Beta particles
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What was the name of the model of the atom that considered the negative charges spread evenly throughout the atom?
- The plum pudding model
-
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What is meant by the half-life of a radioactive isotope?
- The time taken for the number of radioactive nuclei in a sample to halve, or, the time taken for the decay count rate to halve. (These give the same number)
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What is the main health problem that exposure to radiation to cause?
Cancer
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