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Method that kills and inhibits organisms on the body
Antiseptic
-
Method that kills and inhibits organisms on inanimate objects
Disinfectant
-
Method that kills all organisms
Sterilization
-
Spectrum of bacteria/fungi treated with betadine
GPCs, GNRs, NOT fungi
-
Spectrum of bacteria/fungi treated with chlorhexidine
GPCs, GNRs, fungi
-
Inhibitors of cell wall synthesis (4)
Penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems, monobactams
-
Inhibitors of 30s ribosome and protein synthesis (3)
Tetracycline, aminoglycosides (tobra, gent), linezolid
-
Inhibitors of 50s ribosome and protein synthesis (4)
Erythromycin, clindamycin, chloramphenicol, synercid
-
Inhibitors of DNA helicase (1)
Quinolones
-
Inhibitor of RNA polymerase (1)
Rifampin
-
Antibiotic that produces O2 radicals that break up DNA (1)
metronidazole
-
antibiotic that is a PABA analogue and inhibits purine synthesis (1)
sulfonamides
-
antibiotic that inhibits dehydrofolate reductase and inhibits purine synthesis
trimethoprim
-
mechanism of antibiotic resistance for PCN
plasmids for beta lactamase
-
mechanism of resistance for most bacteria
transfer of plasmids
-
mechanism of resistance for MRSA
mutation of cell wall binding protein
-
mechanism of resistance for VRE
mutation in cell wall binding protein
-
mechanism of gentamicin resistance
modifying enzymes leading to decreased active transport
-
appropriate vancomycin trough
5-10
-
appropriate gentamicin peak
6-10
-
appropriate gentamicin trough
<1
-
change to make when a drug peak is too high
decrease dose
-
change to make when a drug trough is too high
decrease frequency of drug administration
-
antibiotic to cover strep, syphilis, Neisseria meningitides, C. perfringens, beta hemolytic strep A, anthrax
penicillin
-
antibiotic to cover staph (MSSA)
oxacillin, nafcillin
-
antibiotic to cover what PCN does PLUS enterococci
ampicillin/amoxicillin
-
antibiotic to cover GPC (staph, strep), GNR, +/- anaerobes. NOT pseudomonas, acinetobacter, serratia
unasyn, augmentin
-
antibiotic to cover GPC, GNR +/- anaerobes, and pseudomonas, acinetobacter, serratia
ticarcillin, piperacillin, ticarcillin/clavulanic acid, piperacillin/sulbactam
-
side effect of zosyn
inhibits platelets, high salt load
-
antibiotic to cover GPCs (staph, strep) NOT enterococcus
- first generation cephalosporins (cefazolin, cephalexin)
- antibiotic to cover GPCs, GNRs, +/- anaerobic coverave, less staph activity
- second generation cephalosporins (cefoxitin, cefotetan, cefuroxime)
-
antibiotic to cover GNRs, +/- anaerobes, not enterococcus, does cover pseudomonas, acinetobacter, serratia
third generation cephalosporins (ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, cefepime, cefotaxime)
-
antibiotic to cover GNRs, picks up pseudomonas, acinetobacter, serratia
monobactam (aztreonam)
-
antibiotic to cover GPCs, GNRs, anaerobes, NOT MRSA, enterococcus, proteus, pseudomonas
carbapenems (meropenem, imipenem)
-
adjunct for carbapenems that increases half life by preventing renal hydrolysis
cilastatin
-
antibiotic to cover GNRs, +/- GPCs, not enterococcus, pseudomonas, acinetobacter, or serratia
bactrim
-
antibiotic to cover GPCs, mostly GNRs, not enterococcus but does cover pseudomonas, acinetobacter, and serratia
quinolones
-
antibiotic to cover GNRs, disrupt calcium homeostasis. Good for pseudomonas, acinetobacter, serratia. No anaerobes
aminoglycosides (gentamicin, tobramycin)
-
antibiotic to cover GPCs; good for CAP and atypical pneumonia. Also a prokinetic for bowel
macrolides (erythromycin)
-
antibiotic to cover GPCs, enterococcus, C. difficile, MRSA
vancomycin (glycopeptide)
-
side effects of vancomycin (3)
redman syndrome, nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity
-
side effects of aminoglycosides (2)
nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity
-
side effects of bactrim (5)
teratogenic, allergic reaction, nephrotoxicity, Stevens Johnson, hemolysis (G6PD deficient patients)
-
antibiotics that covers GPCs, including MRSA and VRE (2)
synercid (streptogramin-dalfopristin), linezolid
-
antibiotics that cover GPCs, GNRs, and syphilis
tetracycline
-
antibiotic that covers anaerobes (3)
clindamycin, metronidazole, chloramphenicol
-
antifungal that binds membrane sterols and alters permeability
amphotericin
-
antifungal to give as empiric broad spectrum coverage
fluconazole
-
antibiotic to give for fungal sepsis
amphotericin
-
antituberculosis drug that inhibits mycolic acids
isoniazid
-
antituberculosis drug that inhibits RNA polymerase
rifampin
-
antituberculosis drugs (4)
isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, ethambutol
-
antiviral drug that inhibits DNA polymerase. Used for HSV and EBV
acyclovir
-
antiviral drug that is used for CMV infection
ganciclovir
-
drugs effective for enterococcus (4)
vancomycin, timentin/zosyn, ampicillin or amoxicillin, gentamicin with ampicillin
-
drugs effective for pseudomonas, acinetobacter, and serratia (6)
ticarcillin/piperacillin, timentin/zosyn, 3rd gen cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, meropenem/imipenem, fluoroquinolones
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