Earthquakes

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crack in a rock along which movement can occur

fault
fault creep

slow, steady slippage along a fault that doesn't build up pressure and doesn't cause earthquakes
elastic rebound

the snapping back of fault blocks after being bent as they try to slide but cannot
focus (hypocenter)

location below the surface of the ground where the earthquake actually occurs
place on the surface directly above the focus

epicenter
foreshocks

smaller quakes occurring before a major earthquake
aftershocks

smaller quakes occurring after a major quake
travel deeply through the earth's interior

body waves
primary waves

fastest of earthquake waves, reach a distant point first
exhibit a push and pull motion

primary waves
secondary waves

a little slower than p waves
exhibit a shaking motion at right angles to the waves direction

secondary waves
surface waves (long waves)

travel in rocks just below the surface, slowest
cause the greatest amount of damge

surface waves
types of motion of surface waves

rolling like ocean wave, side to side motion
determining location of earthquake requires ( ) seismographs

3
Richter Scale

based upon actual ground motion
moment magnitude

based on the amount of energy released by the earthquak
one number increase in magnitude equals ( ) times more ground motion

10
one number increase in magnitude equals ( ) times more energy released

32
liquefaction of soil

shaking of loose soil causes it to behave like a liquid
seiche

rhythmic sloshing back and forth of water in enclosed body of water
Circum Pacific belt

region surrounding the Pacific Ocean
Apline-Himalayan belt

caused mainly by converging continental crusts

Author

morgansmash

301338

Card Set

Earthquakes

Description

geology test 3

Updated

2015-04-22T22:48:00Z

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