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1750: Electrolytes EXAM II

  1. K+ 

    What are some CAUSES of hypoKalemia?
    • Diuretics/corticosteroids/penicillin
    • Diarrhea (*same for hyperNa+)
    • V
    • Gastric suction
    • Ileostomy
    • Anorexia/fasting
    • Alcoholism
  2. K+ (think: heart)

    What are some S/SX of hypoKalemia?
    • Cardiac/Resp. arrest/arrhythmia
    • N/V
    • Leg cramps: digitalis sensitivity
    • Parasthesia
    • Polyuria
    • *thirst (same as hyperNatremia)
  3. K+

    What are some Tx for hypoKalemia?
    Oral/IV replacement: 40-80 mEq/day
  4. K+

    What are some management options for hypoKalemia?

    (i.e., when should you hold K+ supplements regarding output?

    K+ should never be given IV _____?
    • I/O
    • If output <20 mL/h for 2h, hold K+.
    • *NO IV push.
  5. K+

    What are some CAUSES of hyperKalemia?
    • Impaired (K)idney function.
    • Burns (as in hyperNatremia)
    • Chemo
    • Rhabdo
    • Trauma
  6. K+

    What are some S/SX of hyperKalemia?
    (think: heart; muscle, Kent)
    • Cardiac arrest/arrhythmia
    • Muscle weakness
    • Paralysis
    • Metabolic acidosis
  7. K+ 

    What are some Tx for hyperKalemia?

    (Diet, adminsister,
    Diet: restrict K+, K+ supplements

    Give Kayexalate: replace Na+ w/ K+.

    IV Ca+: counteracts MI defects.

    IV insulin/Na+: moves K+ into cells.
  8. K+

    How do you MANAGE hyperKalemia?
    (think: heart)

    Monitor..
    Diet..
    Avoid which medication class?
    • Monitor:
    • ECG (d/t heart) 
    • BP
    • Lab values
    • Muscle weakness (rhabdo, paralysis)
    • GI (d/t metal. acid)

    Diet: Low K+ (cranberry juiceginger ale, honey/sugar, jelly beans)

    *Avoid K+ sparing diuretics: triamterene
Author
xiongav
ID
300703
Card Set
1750: Electrolytes EXAM II
Description
K
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