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Bill123
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What is the frequency of the synchronizing pilot?
308kHz
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What is the frequency of the VCO used in the first modulation step in the TX Unit?
8192kHz
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What are not designed to break current, including load current from long bus sections?
Hot stick operated disconnect links
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Parallel resistance is?
inverse
1/1/r1+1/r2+1/r3
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What is Ohm's Law?
E = IxR
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A measurement of -75dBm, F1A weighted equals? dBrnC
13dBrnc
-75 + 82 = 7
7 + 6 = 13dBrnc
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When multiple frequencies at an input produce sum and difference frequencies at the output, this is called?
Intermodulation
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Explain the function of an RTS
Relay Transfer Switch: used to transfer protection functions to the bus-tie trip circuit during an outage to any of the dedicated PCSs or lines
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What is the BPA spec for total RMS harmonic distortion?
Shall not exceed one percent for a 1000Hz test tone at a full test tone of 0dBm0
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What is non-linear of harmonic distortion?
a production of a harmonic
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If baseband traffic is removed from either transmitter at your distant end and you have your receiver in the manual position what happens?
The receiver baseband circuit will drop 6dB
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What is an acceptable value when measuring PAR?
92
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How do you measure envelope delay?
perform a PAR test
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Explain the function of a SER
sequential events recorder
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T/F
Envelope delay has a greater effect on voice than it does on data?
- False
- Envelope Delay: when different frequencies travel at different speeds
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What is the highest baseband frequency in a 960 channel FDM plan?
4028 kHz
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What is the first step when completing maintenance on an NEC radio?
- Call the distant end district to check the status of the other radios.
- Place the maintenance switches into maintenance
- This sends maintenance alarms to CSM and badger/open-i
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What is the formula for power?
- P = IxE
- P = I2 x R
- P = V2/R
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If you remove the output cable from an FM Demod without locking on to the other receiver, what happens?
The receiver baseband drops 3dB
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What is the frequency of the synchronizing pilot?
308kHz
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Why is only one sideband transmitted in SSBSC multiplexing?
Lower power and bandwidth required
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Is the impedence of the VF jackfield balanced or unbalanced?
balanced with reference to ground
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Portable protective grounds are not required between phases to accomplish the visible three phase short provided the ground switch structure has above ground metallic structure interconnections between phases on what type of connections?
- Series capacitors
- Shunt capacitors
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Who typically wears a red or orange vest while performing their duties?
Safety watcher
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T/F
A zero transmission level point (TLP) is a point where full level power is 0dBm
True
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Explain the three types of faults that can occur on a three phase power system.
- Phase to phase
- Phase to ground
- Phase to Phase to ground
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Explain the ROWS alarm and what is meant when it goes off
- Remote operated warning system
- Indicates remote operation of equipment in the substation yard
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A safety watcher is required any time mechanical equipment is working closer than ? on circuits up to 345kV or ? on 500kV circuits.
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db Conversions
1)dBm to dBa
2)dBa0
3)dBrnc
4)dBrnc0
- 1)Add 85 for pure tone, 82 for F1A weighting, 77 for 601A/F1A weighting
- 2) Calculate dBa then subtract the tlp
- 3) Calculate dBa then add 6
- 4) Calculate dBrnc then subtract the tlp
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If a piece of high voltage equipment is cleared and isolated but not grounded is MAD still applicable?
Yes
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A BPA employee who has an electrical workers permit and access to energized facilities is a?
Qualified Electrical Employee
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What is the minimum approach distance for a fiber optic splice box?
24 inches
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Your western electric 3A test set meter reading is 23 at a tlp of -8dBm. What is the reading in dBrnc0?
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What is the level of the pilot at the BB Mon out point on the receiver?
-42.9 when locked on
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What is phase jitter
The continuing movement back and forth in the phase of the received signal.
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What is frequency displacement?
A shift in frequency of the received signal vs. the transmit.
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What is the full test tone level at the FM DEM BB out Mon point?
-35dBm
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What is the baseband test tone frequency at crossover?
2568 kHz
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When making a measurement of a test tone you have accidentally double terminated the test point, what will your reading be?
3dB low
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What are the lights on the mimic bus? What do they mean?
- White - provides an indication of the ability to close the PCB
- Amber - indicates the line is hot
- Red - indicates the breaker is closed
- Green - indicates the breaker is open
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What is the BPA specification for frequency stability of the readio transmitter?
+/- .005%
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What is meant by intrinsic or idle noise?
- White noise
- the noise present on a channel when not used
- noise coming from a bad power supply
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Voltage Identification
1)Orange
2)69kv
3)Black
4)115kv
5)Red
- 13.8kv
- green
- 500kv
- yellow
- 230kv
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What is an acceptable level for attenuation distortion or frequency response?
+/- 1dB at 300-3400hz
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On the HF line unit what is the tlp of the T jack?
-46dBm
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The HF line unit low pass filter attenuates frequencies above what frequency?
4200hz
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T/F
In the non-sync mode, the free-running 128khz is measure at the F jack on the front of the channel unit?
True
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What is the maximum number of channels that can be supplied by a single 84842 sync unit?
300
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When making measurements at the T or R jack on the HF line unit, what impedance settings should you use on your frequency selective level meter?
75 ohms terminated
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What is the free running frequency stability of the channel unit?
1 x 10 to the 6
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In the channel unit, how many modulation steps are there to change VF to HF?
2
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What signal is provided by the sync unit to synchronize frequency generation in the channel unit?
128khz
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What is the maximum number of channel shelves that can be supported by a single HF line unit?
7
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In the channel unit, the first modulator mixes the VF input with what carrier frequency?
8192khz
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A received signal enters the channel unit and passes through how many demodulation steps for HF to VF conversion?
2
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How many channels are there in 16 supergroups?
960
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T/F
Noise from a power supply or ring generator can cause phase jitter?
True
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What is an acceptable amount of phase jitter?
10 degrees
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What is the BPA specification for the 308khz synchronizing pilot?
+/- .5hz
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Thermal noise is also known as?
White Noise
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Noise that is introduced during the conversion of analog to digital and back is called?
Quantization noise
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Which filter gives the best measurement of 60hz noise?
3-khz flat
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The c-message filter is calibrated so that with 0dBm at 1khz into the measuring instrument the reading is?
+90dBrnC
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The number of dB the signal is above noise is referred to as?
Signal to noise ratio
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Which circuit determines which receiver to lock on to during a mute condition?
The common circuit
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Over what range of temperatures must the RF equipment work?
0 to 50 degrees C
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What intermodulation plus idle noise would be allowed in the worst 3.1khz slot on a baseband consisting of 10 hops?
55dB s/n
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What is the formula for power?
P = IxE
P = I2 x R
p = V2/R
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The term 30dB would tell you what?
The relationship of two powers to each other
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The correct symbol for decibel is?
dB
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The difference (in dB) between the RF received level and the practical threshold (squelch or mute point) is called?
Fade Margin
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The difference between signal strength at a given point and a reference level is?
Level
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Interfering effect of noise, C message weighted is?
dBrnC
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F1A weighting refers to?
a handset
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Reading a 58 on your Western Electric 3A test set at a +7tlp equals ? dBrnC0
51 dBrnC0
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In the channel unit, the second modulator carrier is?
Switch selectable
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Reading a -58 dBm, F1A weighted on a flat meter at a +7tlp is equal to ? dBa0
- -58 + 82 = 24
- 24 - (+7) = 17
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To measure the level of voice and music we use a ? meter?
VU
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At a -4 dBm test point your flat meter reading is -68dBm, F1A weighted. The dBrnC0 reading is?
- -68 + 82 = 14
- 14 + 6 = 20
- 20 -(-4) = 24 dBrnC0
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The ratio between 2 powers is?
dB
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The actual amount of power above or below a reference of one milliwatt?
dBm
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What is the basic bandwidth of a voice circuit?
300--3400hz
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What is attenuation distortion?
A change in amplitude of the signal versus the frequency.
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How do we measure attenuation distortion?
After establishing a reference level, sweep the channel from 200hz to 4000hz, noting any differences in the amplitude in the 300-3400hz range greater than +/- 1dB
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If you measure the 308khz pilot on the baseband and it's -7dBm0 then its?
3 dB hot
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When a clearance holder releases a clearance on a line or equipment that is ready for service the dispatcher or switchman must be assured that?
- All workers and ppe are in the clear
- All portable protective grounds have been removed
- The released line or equipment is ready for service
- All isolating devices and ground switches within the limits of the clearance have been left as found
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T/F
A P/AR reading of 82 is within specs for a BPA channel with 2 hops?
False
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Another name for "go and return" crosstalk is?
Turnaround
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The highest supergroup accommodated by the 46A3 is?
16
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What is the impedence at the mod/demod jacks for the VF jackfield?
600 ohms
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Receiver Baseband Level Checks
Go
- ***Lock onto the receiver not under test
- Baseband OSC @ 2568khz +2dBm
- RF Generator set to receive frequency
- Besel the RF Gen with the Spectrum Analyzer
- Reset the BB OSC to -26.8 below the beleled level
- Output normal AGC into the RX SMA
- Read 35.2dBm +/-0dB
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What is the free running frequency stability of the sync unit?
1 x 10 to the 6
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Receiver Continuity Pilot Alarm Point
Go
- *** Verify you are locked onto the receiver not under test
- Set RF Gen to output normal AGC
- Tune FSVM to 4715khz and set the output so that you read -42.9dBm at the BB Mon port
- Create Pilot alarm (-6dBm +/- 1 from norm)
- Clear Pilot alarm (-3.5dBm +/- 1 from norm)
- -45.4 to -47.4 dBm
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Reading you would get if the test tone was 0dBm?
dBa0
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AGC or NDF alarm
GO
- Verify you are outputting normal AGC
- reduce RF generator until NDF alarm occurs
- Measure voltage difference for 0.6vdc +/-.1 for alarm
- 0.4vdc +/-.1 for clear
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What is impulse noise?
Short duration spikes or noise burst typically lasting 1 m.s. or less.
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On the HF line unit, what is the tlp of the R jack?
-64dBm
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What is a phase hit?
A sudden change in the phase of the receive signal vs. the transmit signal lasting longer than 4 m.s.
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What must a workman do to verify the circuit is de-energized before applying portable protective grounds?
Perform a "buzzing test" on each phase with the metal head of a live line tool or with a "voltage detector".
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dB above -90dBm at 1000hz C message weighted:
dBnrC
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According to the 46A3 manufacterer specs, what is the maximum permissible VF return loss?
26 dB minimum
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According to the 46A3 manufacturer specs, the maximum per channel carrier leak is?
-42dBm0
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dBrn is a measure of the number of ? of interference above the reference noise level?
dB
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The primary analog microwave backbone radios operate in what frequency range?
8 ghz
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What is delay distortion or envelope delay?
A change in delay over the circuit versus frequency.
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Interference F1A weighted above reference:?
dBa
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Noise power, psophometrically weighted is?
pWp
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The difference between 2 powers?
level
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Which sideband is used for supergroup 0, group 1, channel 10?
lower
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What does the weighting curve show?
The interfering effect of other frequencies in a voice channel compared with a reference frequency of 1000hz
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What does a caution tag represent?
Equipment or controls that are unsafe or hazardous
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What does a hold order represent?
Control points associated with a hold order
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What does a work permit represent?
power system equipment or circuits that are being worked on
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What does a do not operate tag represent?
Isolating devices that are the limits of a clearance
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Electrical barriers are?
used to prevent contact with energized parts
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T/F
Qualified electrical employees may enter an area guarded by a yellow and black rope?
True
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What is a dropout?
Short term decrease in signal level orf more than 12db lasting for longer than 4m.s.
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T/F
A tone of 1khz causes more interference than do other frequencies?
True
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At what power level does 1khz tone cause zero interference? (144 weighted)
-90 dBm
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Reference noise is?
1) a noise that creates the same interfering effect as a 1000hz -90-dBm tone
2) a noise that creates zero dBrn in a voice channel
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Power is ?
a definite amount of work done over time
rate at which energy is used
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What is the frequency range for the 8 ghz microwave radio?
7125mhz - 8400mhz
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