ChapterThirteen The Nervous System terms

the brain and spinal cord

the nerves and ganglia

the process of maintaining internal stability

a nerve cell

cells of nervous tissue that support neurons. they make up most of the brain and spinal cord

the inability to speak

the clinical term for a headache, or a generalized pain in the region of the head.

a series of involuntary muscular spasms

an extreme sensitivity to painful stimuli

an extreme lack of sensitivity to normally painful stimuli

an abnormal increase in sensitivity to a stimulus

condition of pain in a nerve

generalized body fatigue

the abnormal sensation of numbness and tingling

condition of pain in many nerves

is a temporary loss of consciousness due to a sudden reduction of blood flow to the brain. Is often called "fainting."

the inability to interpret sensory information

a disease characterized by gradual deterioration in brain function

a disease characterized by progressive atrophy of muscle

developmental disorder that varies in severity

condition characterized by paralysis of the face muscle on one side

an inflammation of the cerebellum

a bulging wall of a blood vessel in the brain

accumulation of fatty plaques that cause arteries supplying the brain to gradually close

a moving blood clot in an artery of the brain

condition of a stationary blood clot in an artery of the brain

bleeding from cerebral blood vessels

a condition that appears at birth or shortly afterward as a partial muscle paralysis

an acute event that is an irreversible death of brain cells caused by inadequate blood supply to the brain

abnormally decreased conciousness

an injury to soft tissue that results from a blow or violent shaking

a severe brain injury often involving bleeding that can result in functional losses and death

inflammation of the brain

an abnormal softening of brain tissue

a brain disorder characterized by recurrent seizures, including convulsions and temporary loss of consciousness, that results from sudden, uncontrolled bursts of electrical activity in the brain

a tumor of neuroglial cells

a congenital disease characterized by an abnormally increased volume of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain

a benign tumor of the meninges

inflammation of the meninges

a protrusion of the meninges

a protrusion in the meninges and spinal cord

a congenital defect in which a child is born with a protrusion of the meninges, usually caused by a defect in the skull or spinal column

a disease characterized by the deterioration of the myelin sheath covering axons within the brain

inflammation of the spinal cord

a sleep disorder characterized by sudden uncontrollable episodes of sleep, attacks of paralysis, and hallucinations

inflammation of a nerve

inflammation of many nerves at once

a tumor originating from neurons

a disease affecting any part of the nervous system, such as a cranial nerve, the brain, or the spinal cord

a disease affecting many parts of the nervous system

a condition of paralysis of the lower body, including both legs

a condition of paralysis of a single limb

a condition of paralysis on one side of the body

a condition of paralysis from the neck down including all four limbs

a chronic degenerative disease of the brain characterized by tremors, rigidity, and shuffling gait

a disease characterized by inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord

an acute, often fatal, viral infection of the central nervous system that is spread from saliva of an infected source; it has also been called hydrophobia

inflammation of the ventricles of the brain

a common form of pain management; includes aspirin, ibuprofen, and acetaminophen

the primary type of pain management that is used during surgical procedures

a specialist trained in the administration of anesthetics

a physician who specializes in anesthesia and management of pain

a diagnostic procedure that reveals blood flow to the brain by X-ray photography

a procedure that involves the use of a computer to interpret a series of images and construct from them a three-dimensional view of the brain

the surgical removal of part of the cranium

a surgical incision through the cranium to provide access to the brain

the surgical knife used to perform craniotomy

a procedure that uses ultrasound technology to record brain structures

a general type of treatment to manage neurological disorders

medication that combat depression

a diagnostic procedure that records electrical impulses of the brain to measure brain activity

the injection of the spinal block anesthetic into epidural space external to the spinal cord. It is common procedure to manage pain during painful childbirth labor or as an emergency procedure following severe trauma to the pelvic region

a group of diagnostic tests that measure changes in the brain waves during particular stimuli to determine brain function

surgical removal of a ganglion

the withdrawal of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from the lumbar regions of the spinal cord

a diagnostic procedure in which powerful magnets are used to observe soft tissues in the body

an X-ray photograph of the spinal cord following injection of a contrast dye

a procedure of taking an X-ray photograph of the spinal cord following injection of a contrast dye

the surgical removal of a nerve

the branch of medicine specializing in the treatment of disorders affecting the nervous system

one who participates in neurological research

a physician who specializes in neurology

physicians who specialize in brain or spinal cord surgery

the procedure of separating a nerve by removing unwanted adhesions

the surgical repair of a nerve

the suture of a nerve

incision into a nerve

a computerized procedure that involves a scan using an injected radioactive chemical to provide a map of blood flow within the body

the branch of medicine that addresses disorders of the brain resulting in mental, emotional, and behavioral disturbances

the study of human (or mind, mental) behavior

the technique used in treating behavioral and emotional issues

a surgical incision into a nerve root, also called rhizotomy

a series of diagnostic tests performed to observe the body's response to touch stimuli

the procedure in which several branches of the vagus nerve are severed (with an incision) to reduce acid secretion in the stomach

a mental disorder in which anxiety dominates a person's behavior

a neurological disorder characterized by short attention span and poor concentration

a neurological disorder characterized by short attention span, poor concentration, and hyperactivity; usually associated with school-age children but can also affect adults and makes learning very difficult

a mental disorder characterized by alternating periods of high energy and mental confusion with low energy and mental depression

an impairment of mental function characterized by memory loss, disorientation, and confusion; it is usually associated with old age, and sometimes accompanies Alzheimer disease

a reading handicap in which the brain reverses the order of some letters and numbers

an emotional disorder of abnormally high psychomotor activity

a form of mania in which an individual believes oneself to be a person of great fame or wealth

a form of mania in which an individual has an obsessive fascination with fire

an emotional disorder that involves a counterproductive way of dealing with mental stress

a mental disorder including persistent delusions of persecution that results in mistrust and combativeness; a mental experience of fear without substantive cause

an irrational, obsessive fear

a disorder caused by severe mental strain or emotional trauma that includes sleeplessness, anxiety, and paranoia

a general term for a mental or emotional disorder

a mental disease characterized by a gross distortion or disorganization of mental capacity

the influence of mind over bodily functions, especially disease

a mental condition characterized by delusions, hallucinations, and extensive withdrawal