in addition to buffering acid, what other beneficial effect does this have?
binding the hydrogen makes it easier for hemoglobin to release oxygen
control of respiration comes from the ______.
medulla
regulation by the medulla is most sensitive to _____.
pH of the CSF
respiratory regulation is least sensitive to _____.
oxygen level
a respiratory center in the pons provides what kind of input to the medulla?
it relays information from higher centers-cerebral cortex, limbic system-for conscious changes in respiration such as occur in speaking, singing, breath holding
what is the role of breathing in acid-base control?
most of the hydrogen ions that enter the blood are combined with (buffered by) bicarbonate ion. the result is carbonic acid which breaks apart into carbon dioxide and water. if carbon dioxide builds up, this reaction slows down and less hydrogen can be buffered. breathing removes carbon dioxide so buffering can continue and keep acid from building up