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What is the term for the area of concern, the gap in knowledge that is needed for practice and needs to be studied?
research problem
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What is the term for the clear, concise statement regarding what will be studied relevant to the problem and is the goal, aim, focus, or objective of study?
purpose statement
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What is the term for the summary of current empirical (scientific) and theoretical knowledge about particular practice problem that provides a basis for the study conducted?
literature review
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What does the literature review include?
- description of current knowledge base
- gaps in knowledge base
- contribution of present study to knowledge base
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What is the term for declarative statements that focus on identification and description of variables or concepts and sometimes on determination of relationship of variables?
research objectives
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What is the term for questions that focus on what variables or concepts are to be described and what relationships might exist among them?
research questions
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What is the term for a prediction about the future that is tested via the research process?
hypothesis
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What type of hypothesis contains two variables?
simple hypothesis
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What type of hypothesis contains more than two variables?
complex hypothesis
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What type of hypothesis states that a relationship exists between variables, but the hypothesis does not predict the nature of the relationship?
nondirectional hypothesis
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What type of hypothesis includes the nature of interaction between two or more variables?
directional hypothesis
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What type of hypothesis looks at relationships between variables?
associative hypothesis
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What type of hypothesis states a cause-and-effect relationship between variables?
causal hypothesis
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What type of hypothesis states that there is no difference or relationship between variables and is also called a statistical hypothesis?
null hypothesis
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What is the term for qualities, properties, or characteristics of people, things, or situations that are manipulated or measured in research?
variables
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What type of variables are used in descriptive designs?
research variables
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What type of variable is the qualities, properties, or characteristics identified in the research purpose, objectives, or questions that are observed or measured in a study? Used when the intent is to observe or measure variables as they exist in a natural setting with no manipulation
research variable
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What type of variable is an uncontrolled variable relating to the setting?
environmental variable
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What is the term for the abstract meaning of a variable that usually is based on theory?
conceptual definition
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What is the term for the way of defining a variable that makes it measurable or manipulable in the real world?
operational definition
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What type of variable contains sample characteristics of subjects and may include age, education, gender, ethnic origin, income, medical diagnosis, etc?
demographic variable
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