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dmshaw9
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Etiology
- Results from degeneration (etiology unknown) or compression (tortuous basilar artery or cerebellopontine tumor)
- Occurs in older population (mean age ~ 50)
- Abrupt onset
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Characteristics
- Brief paroxysms of neurogenic pain (stabbing and/or shooting pain)
- Recurring frequently
- Occurs along distribution of trigeminal nerve, mandibular and maxillary divisions (involvement of opthalmic division is rare)
- Restricted to one side of the face
- Autonomic instability: exacerbated by stress and cold, relieved by relaxation
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Examine/Determine
- Pain: location, intensity
- Trigger points: light touch to face, lips, or gums will cause pain
- Triggering stimuli: extremes of heat or cold, chewing, talking, brushing teeth, movement of air across face
- Motor function: control is normal
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Medical Treatment
- Medications = anticonvulsants, vitamin B12
- Alcohol injections
- Surgery = sectioning of nerve, permanent anesthesia
- TENS can be effective
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