-
In an AP abdomen radiograph taken at 105-cm SID during an IVU series, one renal shadow measures 9 cm in width. If the OID is 18 cm, what is the actual width of the kidney?
A
5 cm
B
7.5 cm
C
11 cm
D
18 cm
-
Which of the following will produce the greatest distortion?
A
AP projection of the skull
B
PA projection of the skull
C
37° AP axial of the skull
D
20° PA axial of the skull
 -
- C
-
- 37° AP axial of the skull
-
Which of the following is most likely to result from the introduction of a grid to a particular radiographic examination?
A
Increased patient dose and increased contrast
B
Decreased patient dose and decreased contrast
C
Increased patient dose and decreased contrast
D
Decreased patient dose and increased contrast
-
- A
-
- Increased patient dose and increased contrast
-
Which of the following groups of exposure factors will produce the most radiographic density?
A
100 mA, 50 ms
B
200 mA, 40 ms
C
400 mA, 70 ms
D
600 mA, 30 ms
-
- C
-
- 400 mA, 70 ms
- milliamperage × time = mAs,
-
Which of the following pathologic conditions would require an increase in exposure factors?
A
Pneumoperitoneum
B
Obstructed bowel
C
Renal colic
D
Ascites
-
- D
-
- Ascites
-
Which of the following is likely to contribute to the radiographic contrast present on the finished radiograph?
- Atomic number of tissues radiographed
- Any pathologic processes
- Degree of muscle development
A
1 and 2 only
B
1 and 3 only
C
2 and 3 only
D
1, 2, and 3
-
- D
-
- 1, 2, and 3
-
Which of the following quantities of filtration is most likely to be used in mammography?
A
0.5 mm Mo
B
1.5 mm Al
C
1.5 mm Cu
D
2.0 mm Cu
-
- A
-
- 0.5 mm Mo
- <correct.opt style="color: rgb(78, 78, 78); font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 15px; line-height: 22.5px;">A Soft tissue radiography requires the use of long-wavelength, low-energy x-ray photons. Very little filtration is used in mammography.
-
If 92 kV and 12 mAs were used for a particular abdominal exposure with single-phase equipment, what mAs would be required to produce a similar radiograph with three-phase, six-pulse equipment?
A
36
B
24
C
8
D
6
-
- C
-
- 8
- To produce similar density, only two thirds of the original mAs would be used for three-phase, six-pulse equipment (2/3 × 12 = 8 mAs). With 3-phase, 12-pulse equipment, the original mAs would be cut in half.
-
Which of the following terms is used to describe unsharp edges of tiny radiographic details?
A
Diffusion
B
Mottle
C
Blur
D
Umbra
-
- C
-
- Blur
-
_______ is a grainy appearance caused by fast imaging systems.
Mottle
-
Which of the following groups of exposure factors would be most appropriateto control involuntary motion?
A
400 mA, 0.03 second
B
200 mA, 0.06 second
C
600 mA, 0.02 second
D
100 mA, 0.12 second
-
- C
-
- 600 mA, 0.02 second
- it is essential to use the shortest possible exposure time in order to have a “stop action” effect.
-
The microswitch for controlling the amount of replenishment used in an automatic processor is located at the
A
receiving bin
B
crossover roller
C
entrance roller
D
replenishment pump
-
- C
-
- entrance roller
-
Which one of the following is (are) used to control the production of scattered radiation?
- Collimators
- Optimal kV
- Use of grids
A
1 only
B
1 and 2 only
C
2 and 3 only
D
1, 2, and 3
-
- B
-
- 1 and 2 only
-
Which of the following terms/units is used to express the resolution of a diagnostic image?
A
Line pairs per millimeter (lp/mm)
B
Speed
C
Latitude
D
Kiloelectronvolts (keV)
-
- A
-
- Line pairs per millimeter (lp/mm)
-
In a PA projection of the chest being used for cardiac evaluation, the heart measures 15.2 cm between its widest points. If the magnification factor is known to be 1.3, what is the actual diameter of the heart?
A
9.7 cm
B
11.7 cm
C
19.7 cm
D
20.3 cm
-
- B
-
- 11.7 cm
-
Compared with slow-speed screens, high-speed screens are often used to
- minimize patient dose
- keep exposure time to a minimum
- image fine anatomic details
A
1 only
B
1 and 2 only
C
2 and 3 only
D
1, 2, and 3
-
- B
-
- 1 and 2 only
-
However, because _______ are associated with more diffusion of fluorescent light, they produce less recorded detail and are not used to image structures requiring excellent recorded detail.
high-speed screens
-
How is source-to-image distance (SID) related to exposure rate and radiographic density?
A
As SID increases, exposure rate increases and radiographic density increases.
B
As SID increases, exposure rate increases and radiographic density decreases.
C
As SID increases, exposure rate decreases and radiographic density increases.
D
As SID increases, exposure rate decreases and radiographic density decreases.
-
- D
-
- As SID increases, exposure rate decreases and radiographic density decreases.
-
Changes in milliampere-seconds can affect all the following except
A
quantity of x-ray photons produced
B
exposure rate
C
optical density
D
recorded detail
-
- D
-
- recorded detail
-
However, because they are associated with more diffusion of fluorescent light, they produce less recorded detail and are not used to image structures requiring excellent recorded detail.
-
In radiography of a large abdomen, which of the following is (are) effective way(s) to minimize the amount of scattered radiation reaching the image receptor (IR)?
- Use of close collimation
- Use of low mAs
- Use of a low-ratio grid
A
1 only
B
1 and 2 only
C
1 and 3 only
D
1, 2, and 3
-
- A
-
- 1 only
-
excessive kilovoltage ________the production of scattered radiation.
increases
-
The factors that control recorded detail include
1. |
Focal spot size |
2. |
Type of rectification |
3. |
SID |
A
1 and 2 only
B
1 and 3 only
C
2 and 3 only
D
1, 2, and 3
-
- B
-
- 1 and 3 only
-
A dry laser printer is generally used when it is necessary to print digital images on film. This laser film is loaded under the following conditions
A
daylight
B
safelight with red filter
C
safelight with amber filter
D
total darkness
-
- A
-
- daylight
-
An increase in kilovoltage will serve to
A
produce a longer scale of contrast
B
produce a shorter scale of contrast
C
decrease the radiographic density
D
decrease the production of scattered radiation
-
- A
-
- produce a longer scale of contrast
-
An exposure was made at a 36-in. SID using 12 mAs and 75 kVp with a 400-speed imaging system and an 8:1 grid. A second radiograph is requested with improved recorded detail. Which of the following groups of technical factors will best accomplish this task?
A
15 mAs, 12:1 grid, 75 kVp, 400-speed system, 36-in. SID
B
15 mAs, 12:1 grid, 75 kVp, 400-speed system, 40-in. SID
C
30 mAs, 12:1 grid, 75 kVp, 200-speed system, 40-in. SID
D
12 mAs, 8:1 grid, 86 kVp, 200-speed system, 36-in. SID
-
- C
-
- 30 mAs, 12:1 grid, 75 kVp, 200-speed system, 40-in. SID
-
The ____ The Speed System The Better The Recorded Detail
Slower
-
The attenuation of x-ray photons is not influenced by
- pathology
- effective atomic number
- photon quantity
A
1 only
B
3 only
C
2 and 3 only
D
1, 2, and 3
-
- B
-
- 3 only
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