Insertion Origin Action Innervation

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origin
- starting point of muscle
- medial
- proximal
insertion
- end attachment of muscle to bone
- lateral
- distal
Muscles
fxn?
- 1) CONTRACTION
- 2) ANATOGNISTS
- 3) SYNERGISTS
- 4) ORIGIN
- 5) INSERTION
- 6) PULL INSERTION towards ORIGIN
How Muscles are Named
- 1) Shape
- 2) Origin-Insertion
- 3) Action
- 4) Special Feature
Superficial Muscle of the Back
Characteristics?
skeleton
movement
origin
innervation
- Characteristics:
- skeleton- axial to appendicular
- movement - upper limb
- origin- embryonic
- extrinsic
- start in shoulder- grow to back
- innervation- Ventral Rami Nerves
Deep Muscles of the Back
Characteristics?
skeleton
movement
origin
innervation
- Characteristics:
- skeleton- axial to axial
- movement- back
- head
- origin- embryonic
- intrinsic
- (grow in place)
- innervation- Dorsal Rami Nerves
3 Deep Muscles of Back
- Erector Spine
- Splenius
- Transversa Spinalis
location

ORIGIN- medial/proximal

to INSERTION- lateral/distal
4 Superficial Muscles of the Back
- Trapezius
- Rhomboids
- Levator Scapulae
- Latissimus Dorsi
3 Anterior Superficial Muscles of Chest
- Serratus Anterior
- Pectoralis Minor
- Pectoralis Major
4 Parallel Joints of Upper-Lower Limb
- Sternoclavicular-sacroiliac
- planar joints
- shoulder-hip
- ball and socket
- elbow-knee
- hinge vs bicondyle
- wrist-ankle
- condyle v modified hinge
Parallel Joints of Upper-Lower Limb
Mobility v Stability?
- 1) Joint Type
- 2) Bony Fit
- 3) Muscle Size
- 4) Ligament
Erector Spine
location?
action?
innervation?
- location: vertebra to vertebra
- vertebra to ribs
- action: hold or bring the spine erect
- innervation: Dorsal Rami nerves
Splenius
location?
action?
innervation?
- location: neck vertebra to head
- action: extend the head
- stabilize the neck
- innervation: Dorsal Rami nerves
Transversa Spinalis
location?
action?
innervation?
- location: 1 vertebra to the next vertebra
- action: rotation of spine
- innervation: Dorsal Rami nerves
Trapezius
origin?
insertion?
action?
innervation?
- origin: vertebra to skull
- insertion: spine of scapula
- action: elevate the scapula
- retract the scapula
- innervation: Ventral Rami nerves
Rhomboids
origin?
insertion?
action?
innervation?
- origin: thoracic vertebra
- insertion: medial edge of posterior scapula
- action: retract scapula
- innervation: Ventral Rami nerves
Levator Scapulae
origin?
insertion?
action?
innervation?
- origin: vertebra/skull
- insertion: superior angle of scapula
- action: elevate scapula
- innervation: Ventral Rami nerves
Latissimus Dorsi
origin?
insertion?
action?
innervation?
- origin: lumber vertebra to sacrum
- insertion: anterior Humerus
- action: extend/hyperextend
- the humerus to shoulder
- innervation: Ventral Rami nerves
insertion: medial edge of scapulae
- serratus anterior
- rhomboids
Serratus Anterior
origin?
insertion?
action?
innervation?
- origin: ribs
- insertion: medial edge of anterior scapula
- action: protract the scapula
- innervation: Ventral Rami nerves
Pectoralis Minor
origin?
insertion?
action?
innervation?
- origin: ribs
- insertion: coracoid process
- on scapula
- action: protracts scapula
- innervation: Ventral Rami nerves
- note: reverse pull
- origin to insertion: lift ribs up and out
Pectoralis Major
origin?
insertion?
action?
innervation?
- origin: medial 2/3 of clavical
- sternum
- ribs
- insertion: greater tubercle of humerus
- action: flex humerus @ shoulder
- medial rotation
- insertion: Ventral Rami
Non-moving Joints
type
subtype
fxn
location
CT
- type: Cartilagenous
- Fibrous
- Fibrous subtype: surtre joints
- gomphosis joints
- syndesmosis joint
- Cartilagenous subtype: synchondrosis
- fxn: hold bones together
- location: epiphyseal plate
- rib #1
- skull
- teeth
- tibio-fibular joint
- CT: dense regular
- hyaline cartilage
Semi-moveable Joints
mobility
type
subtype
fxn
location
CT
- mobility: Amphiarthrosis
- type: Cartilagenous
- subtype: symphysis joint
- fxn: stable and flexible
- location: intervertebral disc
- pubic symphysis
- CT: fibrous cartilage
Synovial Joints
5 Characteristics?
- 1) articular cartilage cap
- fxn: friction free surface
- 2) Joint Cavity
- 3) Fibrous Joint Capsule
- -Dense Irregular CT
- 4) Synovial Membrane
- 5) Fxn: make synovial fluid to fill cavity
Synovial Joints
7 types
- Planar
- Hinge
- Pivot
- Condyle
- BiCondyle
- Saddle
- Ball and Socket
Planar
synovial joint
action?
location?
- action: "Gliding Joint"
- 2 flat surfaces
- superior-inferior process
- location: carpal
- tarsal
Hinge
synovial joint
action?
location?
- action: flexion & extension
- location: interphalangeal joints
- elbow
- ankle
Pivot
synovial joint
action?
location?
- action: medial/lateral rotation
- location: proximal/distal radio-ulnar joints
- C1 to C2- axis
Condyle
synovial joint
action?
location?
- action: flexion/extension
- abduction/adduction
- location: metacarpal-phalangeal
- ex/ knuckle
- location:radiocarpal
- ex/wrist
- location: skull
- ex/C1- atlas
Bicondyle
synovial joint
action?
location?
- action: flexion/extension
- rotation medial/lateral
- location: knee
- jaw (tempromandibular)
Saddle
synovial joint
action?
location?
- action: flexion/extension
- abduction/adduction
- conjoined rotation
- location: 1st carpo-metacarpal
- thumb
Ball and Socket
synovial joint
action?
location?
- action: flexion/extension
- abduction/adduction
- medial/lateral rotation
- location: shoulder
- hip
The Clavicle
Rt/Left?
- Rt/Left:
- 1- Sternal end is medial
- 2- medial 2/3 of bone
- are anteriorly convex
- 3- conoid tuburcle posterior
- and inferior
The Scapula
Rt/Left?
- Rt/Left:
- 1- spine poserior
- 2- superior angle
- 3- glenoid fossa lateral
- 4- subscapular fossa anterior
The Humerus
Rt/Left?
- 1- head is medial
- 2- head is superior
- 3- lesser tubercle
- is Anterior
- 4- olecranon fossa
- is Posterior
The Ulna
Rt/Left?
- 1- olecranon procees
- is superior (proximal)
- 2- trochlear notch
- is anterior
- 3- radial notch
- is lateral
The Radius
Rt/Left?
- 1- head proximal
- 2- styloid process
- is lateral
- 3- anterior distal
- end is smooth
Plexus
- recombination of
- ventral rami nerves
- to provide pathways
- of innervation
cervical plexus
location?
rami?
- location: muscles of neck
- muscles of chest
- diaphragm
- rami: C1 to C5
- C3 C4 C5- Phrenic nerve
Anterior Brachial Plexus
- musculocutaneous nerve- C5 C6 C7
- median nerve- C5 to T1
- ulnar nerve- C8 to T1
Posterior Brachial Plexus
- radial nerve
- all posterior arm and forearm
- all 5 Ventral Rami
- C5-T1
Brachial Plexus
muscles?
- muscles: teres major
- supraspinatus
- infraspinatus
- subscapularis
Musculocutaneous Nerve
location?
rami?
muscles?
- location: anterior arm
- includes skin
- ventral rami: C5 C6 C7
- muscles: biceps brachii
- brachialis
- coracobrachialis
Median Nerve
location?
rami?
muscles?
- location: lateral anterior forearm
- carpal I-III
- rami: all 5 Ventral Rami
- C5-T1
- muscles: common flexors of wrists and figners
Ulnar Nerve
location?
rami?
muscles?
- location: medial anterior forearm
- carpal IV-V
- ventral rami: C8-T1
- muscles: common flexors of Wrists and Fingers
Auxilllary Circumflex Nerve
location?
muscles?
- location: shoulder
- muscles: deltoid
- teres minor
Radial Nerve
location?
rami?
muscles?
- location: posterior arm
- posterior forearm
- posterior wrist and fingers
- rami: all 5 ventral rami
- C5-T1
- muscles: triceps brachii
- common extensors of wrist and fingers
- supinator
- brachioradialis
Muscles of Shoulder
characteristics?
ID?
- characteristics: appendicular to appendicular
- scapula to humerus
- ID: deltoid
- teres major
- coracobrabrachialis
- rotator cuff
Deltoid
origin?
insertion?
action?
innervation?
- origin: spine of scapular
- acromion
- lateral 1/3 of clavicle
- insertion: deltoid tuberosity
- action: abduction of shoulder
- rotation of shoulder
- innervation: auxillary or circumflex
Teres Major
origin?
insertion?
action?
innervation?
- origin: inferior angle of posterior scapula
- insertion: lesser tubercle of anterior humerus
- action: adduction of shoulder
- medial rotation
- innervation: brachial plexus
Coracobrachialis
origin?
insertion?
action?
innervation?
- origin: coracoid process
- insertion: medial humerus
- action: assist in flexion of shoulder
- innervation: musculocutaneous nerve
Supraspinatus
origin?
insertion?
action?
innervation?
- origin: supraspinous fossa
- insertion: greater tubercle
- action: starts abduction
- innervation: brachial Plexus
Infraspinatus
origin?
insertion?
action?
innervation?
- origin: infraspinous
- insertion: greater tubercle
- action: lateral rotation
- innervation: brachial plexus
Teres Minor
origin?
insertion?
action?
innervation?
- origin: lateral edge of scapula
- insertion: greater tubercle
- action: lateral rotation
- innervation: auxillary nerve
Subscapularis
origin?
insertion?
action?
innervation?
- origin: subscapular fossa
- insertion: lesser tubercle
- action: medial rotation
- innervation: brachial plexus
Biceps Brachii
origin?
insertion?
action?
innervation?
- origin: long head- supraglenoid tubercle of anterior scapula
- short head- coracoid process of anterior scapula
- insertion: radial tuberosity of anterior radius
- action: flexion of elbow
- flexion of shoulder
- supinate forearm
- innervation: musculocutaneous nerve
Brachialis
origin?
insertion?
action?
innervation?
- origin: deltoid tuberosity
- insertion: ulnar tuberosity
- action: flexor of elbow
- best position-semi pronated
- innervation: musculocutaneous nerve
Briachioradialis
origin?
insertion?
action?
innervation?
- origin: lateral supracondylar ridge
- insertion: styloid process of radius
- action: pronated-elbow flexor
- innervation: radial nerve
Triceps Brachii
origin?
insertion?
action?
innervation?
- origin: long head- infraglenoid tubercle
- medial head- lateral humerus
- lateral head- medial humerus
- insertion: olecranon process of ulna
- action: long head-extend should
- all- extend elbow
- innervation: Radial Nerve
Coracoid Process
name 3 muscles
- I- pectoralis minor
- I- coracobrachialis
- O- short head bicep brachii
Humerus
insertion points
landmarks
- landmark: greater tubercle
- insertion: pectoralis major
- supraspinatus
- infraspinatus
- teres minor
- landmark: lesser tubercle
- insertion: teres major
- subscapularis
- landmark: medial humerus
- insertion: coracobrachialis
- landmark: anterior humerus
- insertion: latissimus dorsi
- landmark: deltoid tuberosity
- insertion: deltoid
Humerus
origin points
langmarks
- landmark: lateral humerus
- origin: lateral head of triceps
- landmark: medial humerus
- origin: medial head of triceps
- landmark: deltoid tuberosity
- origin: brachialis
- landmark: lateral supracondylar ridge
- origin: brachioradialis
- landmark: lateral epicondyle
- origin: common extensors
- landmark: medial epicondyle
- origin: common flexors
Brachioradialis
compartment
- posterior, but lateral
- radial nerve, but flexion-elbow-pronated
Anterior Arm
compartment
muscles?
action?
innervation?
- anterior
- biceps brachii
- brachialis
- coracobrachialis
- flexion
- shoulder
- elbow
- innervation
- musculocutaneous
Posterior Arm
compartment
muscles?
action?
innervation?
- posterior
- triceps brachii
- extension
- shoulder
- elbow
- innervation
- Radial nerve
Common Flexors of Wrist and Fingers
origin?
insertion?
action?
innervation?
- origin: medial epicondyle of humerus
- insertion: wrist and fingers
- action: flexion of wrist and fingers
- innervation: median/ulnar nerves
Common Extensors of Wrist and Fingers
origin?
insertion?
action?
innervation?
- origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus
- insertion: posterior wrist and fingers
- action: extension of wrist and fingers
- innervation: radial nerve
Forearm
compartment
- anterior
- origin: medial epicondyle of distal humerus
- action: pronate
- muscles: common flexors of wrist and fingers
- innervation: median nerve & ulnar nerve
- posterior
- origin: lateral epicondyle of distal humerus
- action: supinate
- muscles: common extensors of wrist and fingers
- innervation: radial nerve
Shoulder
compartment
- location:
- appendicular to appendicular
- scapula to humerus
- origin to insertion
- proximal to distal
- action:
- abduction
- deltoid/supraspinatus
- adduction
- teres major
- lateral rotation
- infraspinatus
- teres minor
- medial rotation
- subscapularis
- teres major
- innvervation:
- auxillary nerve
- deltoid
- teres minor
- brachial plexus
- supraspinatus
- infraspinatus
- subscapularis
- teres major
Nerves to lower limb
plexus?
- lumbar plexus
- sacral plexus
Nerves to upper limb
plexus?
- cerical plexus
- brachial plexus
Lumbar Plexus
- L1 L2 L3 L4
- Femoral Nerve
- Obturator Nerve
Sacral Plexus
- L4 L5
- S1 S2 S3
- Superior Gluteal Nerve
- Inferior Gluteal Nerve
- Sciatic Nerve
Femoral Nerve
location?
innervation?
plexus?
- location: anterior thigh
- innervation: ventral rami nerves
- L1 L2 L3 L4
- plexus: Lumbar Plexus
Obturator Nerve
location?
innervation?
plexus?
- location: medial thigh
- innervation: ventral rami nerves
- L1 L2 L3 L4
- plexus: Lumbar Plexus
Superior Gluteal Nerve
location?
innervation?
plexus?
- location: gluteus medius
- gluteus minimus
- innervation: ventral rami nerves
- plexus: Sacral Plexus
- L4 L5 S1 S2 S3
Inferior Gluteal Nerve
location?
innervation?
plexus?
- location: gluteus maximus
- innervation: ventral rami nerve
- L4 L5 S1 S2 S3
- plexus: Sacral Plexus
Sciatic Nerve
location?
innervation?
plexus?
branches?
- location: all of posterior thigh
- posterior leg
- anterior leg
- lateral leg
- innervation: ventral rami nerves
- L4 L5 S1 S2 S3
- plexus: Sacral Plexus
- branches: tibial nerve- posterior thigh/leg
- common fibular nerves
- deep- anterior leg
- superficial- lateral leg
ID?
Landmark?
Origin?
Insertion?
- ID: left anterior scapula
- landmark: subscapular fossa
- coracoid process
- medial edge of scapula
- origin: subscapularis
- coracobrachialis
- short head-biceps brachii
- insertion: pectoralis minor
- serratus anterior
ID?
Landmarks?
Origin?
Insertion?
- ID: left superior scapula
- landmarks: supraspinous fossa
- acromion
- spine of scapula
- superior angle of scapula
- origin: supraspinatus
- deltoid
- insertion: trapezius
- levator scapulae
ID?
Landmarks?
Origin?
Insertion?
- ID: lateral left scapula
- Landmarks: glenoid process
- supraglenoid tubercle
- infraglenoid tubercle
- lateral edge of scapula
- Origin: long head-biceps
- long head- triceps
- teres minor
- mobility: diarthrosis
- freely moving
- type: synovial
- subtype: pivot joint
- location: distal right radioulnar joint
- anterior view
- action: medial/lateral rotation
- ID: anterior view proximal right ulna
- landmarks: olecranon process
- trochlear notch
- coronoid process
- ulnar notch
- mobility: diarthrosis
- freely moving
- type: synovial
- subtype: pivot joint
- location: proximal right radioulnar joint
- posterior view
- action: medial/lateral rotation
- mobilty: diarthrosis
- freely moving
- type: synovial
- subtype: hinge joint
- location: elbow joint
- action: flexion/extension
trapezius
- B- latissimus dorsi
- C- transversa spinalis
- A- trapezius
- D- levator scapula
- I- Splenius
G- pectoralis major
F- serrtaus anterior
- B- Lattissimus Dorsi
- E- Erector Spinae
C- Rhomboids
- mobility: synarthrosis
- non-moving j
- type: fibrous
- subtype: surtre joints
- syndesmosis
- location: tibio-fibular joint
- skull
- CT: Dense Regular
- fxn: hold bones together
- mobility: amphiarthrosis
- semi-moving joint
- type: cartilagenous joint
- subtype: symphysis joint
- location: pubic symphysis joint
- CT: fibrous cartilage
- FXN: flexible and stable
- mobility: diarthrosis
- freely moving joint
- type: synovial joint
- subtype: ball and socket joint
- location: shoulder joint
- action: flexion/extension
- abduction/adduction
- medial/lateral rotation
- mobility: diarthrosis
- freely moving
- type: synovial
- subtype: pivot joint
- location: radioulnar joint
- action: medial/lateral rotation
- mobility: diarthrosis
- freely moving
- type: synovial
- subtype: planar joint
- location: sacroiliac joint
- action: gliding between 2 flat surfaces
- ID: postero-lateral right Os Coxa
- landmark:
- A- greater sciatic notch
- B- acetabulum
- C- posterior gluteal line
- D- ischial tuberosity
- ID: posterior distal right femur
- landmark: medial condyle
- intercondylar notch
- lateral condyle
- ID: posterior proximal right femur
- landmark: fovea capitis head
- neck
- gluteal tuberosity
- ID: superior proximal right femus
- landmark: greater trochanter
- ID: proximal anterior right femur
- landmark: lesser trochanter
- ID: distal anterior right humerus
- landmark: lateral epicondyle
- radial fossa
- capitulum
- coranoid fossa
- trochea
- medial epicondyle
- hand bones:
- carpals
- carpo-metacarpal I
- metacarpals
- phalanges
- proximal
- middle
- distal
- hand joints:
- type: all synovial
- subtype: hinge
- location: interphalangeal joints
- action: flexion/extension
subtype: condyle
location: metacarpal-phalangeal joint
action: flexion/extension
abduction/adduction

subtype: saddle
locaiton: carpo-metacarpal I
opposable thumb
action: flexion/extension
abduction/adduction
conjoined rotation
- type: synovial
- subtype: condyle
- location: radiocarpal joint
- action: flexion/extension
- abduction/adduction

Author

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296904

Card Set

Insertion Origin Action Innervation

Description

skeletal muscles move bones

Updated

2015-03-22T05:39:07Z

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