Medical Terminology Quiz #6

germ or bud (combing verb)

germ or bud (suffix)

color (combing verb)

juice (combing verb)

cell (combing verb)

blood (combing verb)

safe (combing verb)

clear fluid (combing verb)

form (combing verb)

bone marrow or spinal cord (combing verb)

eat or swallow (combing verb)

formation (combing verb)

a net (combing verb)

spleen (combing verb)

clot (combing verb)

thymus gland (combing verb)

AIDS

ALT

AST

BMP

BUN

CBC

CMP

CO₂

CT

ESR

HCT or Hct

HGB or Hgb

HIV

MCH

MCHC

MCV

NK

PET

PLT

PMN

PT

PTT

RBC

WBC

a drug that prevents clotting of the blood

a drug that stops the flow of blood within the vessel

a drug that causes a narrowing of blood vessels, thereby decreasing blood flow

a drug that causes dilation of blood vessels, thereby increasing blood flow

introduction of blood products into the circulation of a recipient whose blood volume is reduced or deficient in some manner

blood donated by and sorted for a patient for future personal use

blood voluntarily donated by any person for transfusion to a compatible recipient

transfusion of a specific blood component, such as packed red blood cells, platelets, or plasma

method of matching a donor's blood to the recipient by mixing a sample in a test tube to determine compatibility

treatment of malignancies, infections, and other diseases with chemical agents to destroy selected cells or to impair their ability to reproduce

use of biologic agents to prevent or treat disease by stimulating the body's own defense mechanisms, as seen in the treatment of AIDS, cancer, or allergy

removal of plasma from the body with separation and extraction of specific elements followed by reinfusion

transplantation of healthy bone marrow from a compatible donor to a diseased recipient to stimulate blood cell production

removal of a lymph node

incision into a lymph node

removal of possible cancer-carrying lymph nodes for pathologic examination

removal of the spleen

removal of the thymus gland

liquid portion of the blood and lymph; contains water, proteins, and cellular components

liquid portion of the blood that remains after clotting

red blood cell; transports oxygen and carbon dioxide

the protein-iron compound in erythrocytes that transports oxygen and carbon dioxide

white blood cell; protects the body from harmful invading substances

a group of leukocytes containing granules in their cytoplasm

a granular leukocyte, named for the neutral stain of its granules, that fights infection by swallowing bacteria

another term for neutrophil, referring to the many segments in its nucleus

a granular leukocyte, named for the rose-colored stain of its granules, that increases in allergic and some infectious reaction

a granular leukocyte, named for the dark stain of its granules, that brings anticoagulant substances to inflamed tissues

a group of leukocytes without granules in their nuclei

an agranulocytic leukocyte that is active in the process of immunity; the three categories of lymphocytes are T cells, B cells, and natural killer cells

an agranulocytic leukocyte that performs phagocytosis to fight infections

thrombocytes; cell fragments in the blood that are essential for blood clotting

primary gland of the lymphatic system, located within the mediastinum, that helps to maintain the body's immune response by producing T lymphocytes

organ between the stomach and the diaphragm that filters out aging blood cells, removes cellular debris by performing phagocytosis, and provides an environment for lymphocytes to initiate immune responses

fluid that is circulated through the lymph vessels

microscopic vessels that draw lymph from tissues to the lymph vessels

vessels that receive lymph from the lymph capillaries and circulate it to the lymph nodes

specialized lymph vessels in the small intestine that absorb fat into the bloodstream

white or pale yellow substance in lymph that contains fatty substances absorbed by the lacteals

many small, oval structures that filter lymph from the lymph vessels; major locations include the cervical, axillary, and inguinal regions

collecting channels that carry lymph from the lymph nodes to the veins

receives lymph from the right upper part of the body

receives lymph from the left side of the head, neck, chest, abdomen, left arm, and lower extremities

process of disease protection induced by exposure to an antigen

a substance that, when introduced into the body, causes the formation of antibodies against it

a substance produced by the body that destroys or inactivates an antigen that has entered the body

a long-lasting immunity that results from stimulating the body to produce its own antibodies; developed either naturally, in response to an infection, or artificially, in response to the administration of a vaccine

a short-lasting immunity that results from foreign antibodies that are convey either naturally, through the placenta to a fetus, or artificially, by injection of a serum containing antibodies

presence of small red blood cells

presence of large red blood cells

presence of red blood cells of unequal size

presence of large, irregularly shaped red blood cells

an increased number of immature erythrocytes in the blood

an abnormally reduced number of red blood cells

an abnormally reduced number of lymphocytes

a decreased number of neutrophils

an abnormally reduced number of all cellular components in the blood

an abnormally decreased number of platelets in the blood, impairing the clotting process

breakdown of the red blood cell membrane

impaired immunologic defenses caused by an immunodeficiency disorder or by therapy with immunosuppressive agents

impaired ability to provide an immune response

enlarged lymph nodes

enlargement of the spleen

a syndrome caused by the human immunodeficiency virus that renders immune cells ineffective, permitting opportunistic infections, malignancies, and neurologic diseases to develop; transmitted sexually or through contaminated blood

a condition of reduced numbers of red blood cells, hemoglobin, or packed red cells in the blood, resulting in a diminished ability of red blood cells to transport oxygen to the tissues

a normocytic-normochromic type of anemia characterized by the failure of bone marrow to produce red blood cells

a microcytic-hypochromic type of anemia characterized by a lack of iron that affects the production of hemoglobin and is characterized by small red blood cells containing low amounts of hemoglobin

a macrocytic-normochromic type of anemia characterized by an inadequate supply of vitamin B₁₂, causing red blood cells to become large, varied in shape, and reduced in number

any disorder characterized by abnormal function of immune system that causes the body to produce antibodies against itself, resulting in tissue destruction or loss of function; rheumatoid arthritis and lupus are examples

a disorder that results from the incompatibility of a fetus with Rh-positive blood and a mother with Rh-negative blood, causing red blood cells destruction in the fetus; a blood transfusion is necessary to save the fetus

presence or lack of antigens on the surface of red blood cells, which causes a reaction between Rh-positive blood and Rh-negative blood

presence of antigens

absence of antigens

hereditary disorder with an excessive buildup of iron deposits in the body

a group of hereditary bleeding disorder caused by a defect in clotting factors necessary for the coagulations of blood

chronic or acute malignant disease of the blood-forming organs, characterized by abnormal leukocytes in the blood and bone marrow

disorder within the bone marrow characterized by a proliferation of abnormal stem cells; usually develops into a specific type of leukemia

any neoplastic disorder of lymph tissue, usually malignant, as in Hodgkin disease

process by which cancer cells are spread by blood or lymph circulation to distant organ

condition caused by the Epstein-Barr virus and characterized by an increase in mononuclear cells in blood along with enlarged lymph nodes, fatigue, and sore throat

increased number of erythrocytes and hemoglobin in the blood

systemic disease caused by infection with microorganisms and their toxins in circulating blood

incision into or puncture of a vein to withdraw blood for testing

test of the fluid portion of blood to measure the amounts of its chemical consituents

specialized batteries of automated blood chemistry test performed on a single sample of blood; used as a general screen for disease or to target specific organs or conditions

battery of test used as a general screen for disease; includes test for calcium, carbon dioxide, chloride, creatinine, glucose, potassium, sodium, and blood urea nitrogen

tests performed in addition to the basic panel for expanded screening: albumin, bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, protein alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase

test to determine if infection is present in the blood stream by isolating a specimen of blood in an environment that encourages the growth of microorganisms; the specimen is observed, and the organisms that grow in the culture are identified

used in monitoring the course of HIV and in timing the treatment of AIDS; the normal adult range is 600 - 1500 cells in a given volume of blood

timed test that measures the rate at which red blood cells settle through a volume of plasma

test to determine coagulation defects, such as platelet disorders

substance present in tissues, platelets, and leukocytes that is necessary for coagulation

test to measure activity of prothrombin in the blood

protein substance in the blood that is essential to the blotting process

a common laboratory blood test performed as a screen of general health or for diagnostic purposes and typically includes the component test that follow; test results are usually reported along with normal values so that the clinician can interpret the results based on the instrumentation used by the laboratory; normal ranges also may vary depending on the region and climate

a count of the number of white blood cells in a given volume of blood obtained via manual or automated laboratory methods

a count of the number of red blood cells in a given volume of blood obtained via manual or automated laboratory methods

a test to determine the blood level of hemoglobin

a measurement of the percentage of packed red blood cells in a given volume of blood

calculations of RBC, HGB, and HTC results to determine the average size, hemoglobin concentration, and content of red blood cells to classify an anemia

calculation of the volume of individual red blood cells using HCT and RBC results: HCT/RBC

calculation of the content of hemoglobin in the average red blood cell using HGB and RBC results: HGB/RBC

calculations of the average hemoglobin concentration in each red blood cell using HGB and HCT results: HGB/HCT

determination of the number of each type of white blood cell in a stained blood smear; each type is counted and reported as a percentage of the total examined

as part of identifying and counting the white blood cells, the condition, size, and shape of red blood cells in the background of the smeared slide are noted

calculations of the number of thrombocytes in the blood; the normal adult range is 150,000-450,000 platelets in a given volume of blood

needle aspiration of bone marrow tissue for pathologic examination

pathologic examination of bone marrow tissue

an x-ray image of lymph node or vessel obtained after injection of a contrast medium

full body x-ray CT images are used to detect tumors and cancers such as lymphoma

scanning techniques combining nuclear medicine and computed tomography technology to produce images of anatomy and metabolic function within the body; useful in determing the recurrence of cancers or to measure response to therapy; commonly used in evaluating lymphoma