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Psychodynamic Theory: What is Freud’s view of Human Nature?
Deterministic – Bx of people is determined by unconscious motivation, biological & instinctual drivers, & psychosexual events during 1st 6 years of life
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Psychodynamic Theory: Focus of treatment?
How the unconscious dynamics/motivations affect a person’s functioning
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Psychodynamic Theory: Goals of therapy?
To resolve intrapsychic conflict
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Psychodynamic Theory: Freud’s view of anxiety?
Anxiety develops out of conflict between the Id, Ego, & Superego, over the control of the available psychic energy.
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Id
- Primary instincts (largely unconscious)
- Pleasure Principle
- Develop at Birth
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Ego
- Governs, controls, and regulates the personality.
- Reality Principle
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Superego
- Judicial branch
- Person’s own Moral code
- Develop between age 4-6
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Reaction Formation
a way of defending against a threatening impulse by expressing the opposite of it
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Sublimation
the redirection of sexual energy into other channels
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Introjection
the process of taking in and assimilating another's values
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Catharsis
expressions and discharge of repressed emotions
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Frued's 5 Psychosexual Stages
- Oral Stage (1st year of life)
- Anal Stage (1-3 years)
- Phallic Stage (4-6 years)
- Latency Stage (7-12 years)
- Genital Stage (12 & older)
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Structural Family Therapy:
Major Theorist
- Salvador Minuchin
- Bravlio Montalvo
- Harry Aponte
- Charels Fishman
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Structural Family Therapy:
Role of Therapist
Directive, Change - Oriented, concenred with Sx in terms of family system's dynamics
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Structural Family Therapy:
Asumptions regarding change
- If you change the orgainization/structure, of the family, the Sx will be alleviated
- Here and now, directive, concrete treatment approach
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Structural Family Therapy:
Family Structure
- How the family relates to one another
- Alignments & Power Hierarchies
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Structural Family Therapy:
Boundaries
- Diffuse/Enmeshment
- Rigid/Disengagement
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Structural Family Therapy:
Maladaptive Bx
Inflexable Family Structure
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Structural Family Therapy:
Therapy Goals
- Restructure the family systems of transactional rules
- Establish Appropriate Boundaries
- Create an Effective Hierarchical Structure
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Structural Family Therapy:
Assessment Tools
- Interviewing
- enactment
- Review of the Presenting Problem
- Mapping
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Structural Family Therapy:
Primary Areas of Assessment
- Family Structure
- Flexibility
- Resonance: Sensistivity w/in the family
- IP role
- Ecological Context: extended family, church, school, etc.
- Developmental Stage
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Structural Family Therapy:
Interventions
- Joining & Accommodation
- Relabeling & Reframing
- Enactments
- Boundarie Making
- Unbalancing
- Restructuring Techniques
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Communication Theory:
Theroists
- Virgina Satir
- John Banmen
- Jan Gerber
- Maria Gomori
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Communication Theory:
Role as Therapist
Warm, genuine, congruent communication
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Communication Theory:
Assumptions
- 1. People naturally tend towards positive growth
- 2. All people possess the resources for positive growth
- 3. Everyone person & every thing/situation impact & impated by everyone & everything else
- 4. Therapy is a process, whcih involves interactions between therapist & clt (each person responsible for himself)
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Communication Theory:
Self Esteem/Self Worth
innate drive that is fostered or not fostered as a result of communication & early experiences by parents
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Communication Theory:
8 levels of self
physical, intellectual, emotional, sensual, interactional, contextual, nutritional, spiritual
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Communication Theory:
mind, soul, body triad
Clt's perception of his/her own body parts & the +/- feelings the clt attaches to them
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Communication Theory:
Maturation
development of separteness & clear identity as a result of being in touch with own feelings/values, communicate effectively
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Communication Theory:
Seed Model
Everyone has the inborn potenial that is waiting to be fulfilled
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Communication Theory:
Threat & Reward Model
Worldview that some people make rules & other's follow rules without question
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Communication Theory:
Styles of Communication - Placating
Agreeing, serving, or succuming to another out of fear, dependency, self worth
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Communication Theory:
Styles of Communication - Blaming
Accusign or pointing the finger at one another because of loneliness & low self worth
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Communication Theory:
Styles of Communication - Computing
Acting super reasonable/rational, due to underlying sense of vulnerability
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Communication Theory:
Styles of Communication - Distracting
Acting spontaneous, irrevelant, & avoiding feelings
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Communication Theory:
Styles of Communication - Leveling
Everything is congruent
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Communication Theory:
View of Maladaptive Bx
resulting from a failure to fulfill one's potential for personal growth
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Communication Theory:
Thearpy Goals
- 1. Raise Self Esteem
- 2. Improve communication
- 3. Growth
- 4. Identify the family role & how they promote the Sx
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Communication Theory:
Assessment Tools
- Family Life Chronology
- Family reconstruction (enactment)
- Analysis of the technique used by each member to handle "different-ness"
- Role Function Analysis
- Self Manifestation Analysis
- Model Analysis
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Communication Theory:
Interventions
Sculpting, family reconstruction, teaching/model effective communication, use of metaphors, use of drama, therapist use of self, art therapy, "I value you" statemnts, labeling assets
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Communication Theory:
Termination
- 1. Family members can complete transaction, check, & ask
- 2. Can interpret hostility
- 3. They can see how others see them
- 4. They can see how they see themselves
- 5. One member can tell the other how he manifest himself
- 6. One can tell other what he hopes, fears, expects
- 7. When family can disagree
- 8. When family can make choices
- 9. When family learn from practice
- 10. When family free themselves from harmful effects of past models
- 11. When family can give clear messeges
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Humanistic Existential Therapy:
Theorists
- Maslow
- Allport
- Burgental
- Frankl
- May
- Murray
- Perls
- Rogers
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Humanistic Existential Therapy:
Focus of Treatment
- Here and Now
- Emphasizes free choice and self-awareness
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Humanistic Existential Therapy:
The role of therapist
- To be active
- Therapy provides a clt with new experiences in a relationship between separate & free being
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Humanistic Existential Therapy:
View of IP
- People are seen as not "sick."
- IP label is thrown out
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Humanistic Existential Therapy:
How does change occur?
Change occurs through the subjective experiences of therapy
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Humanistic Existential Therapy:
Goals
- To increase awareness of how one choses to define life (assuming ownership)
- To affirm reality & explore how one may choose to deny "what is"
- To explore one's intentiality in the world
- To explore one's project and priorities in life
- To accept both +/- components of one's project, so that parts of the personality that are mostly out of awareness, can be reintergrated into the whole.
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Humanistic Existential Therapy:
Bad Faith
choosing to be unaware of an aspect of on'es experiences and at th sametime denying that one is unaware
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Humanistic Existential Therapy:
Project
One's basic goals and aim in life
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Humanistic Existential Therapy:
Fusion-delusion
a false belief regarding the relationship between two people, in which the concept of separateness and unique subjectivity of each individual is denied.
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