Bio3 Midterm

  1. List the functions of the integumentary system
    • Protection
    • Thermoregulation
    • Defense
    • Sensory perception
    • Excretion
    • Storage
    • Vitamin production
  2. What are the cells that make up the epidermis?
    • Keratinocytes
    • Merkel Cells
    • Melanocytes
    • Langerhans cells
  3. What is the function of keratinocytes?
    produce protein keratin
  4. List the five layers of the epidermis.
    • Stratum basale (germinativum)
    • Stratum spinosum
    • Stratum granulosum
    • Stratum lucidum
    • Stratum corneum
  5. Describe the stratum basale
    • deepest layer, relatively small
    • single layer of cuboidal or columnar cells
    • stem cells mitotically divide
    • move to the surface in 2-4 weeks
    • progressively die
    • adheres to dermis
  6. Describe stratum spinosum
    • 8-10 cells thick
    • products of division in s. basale
    • Extra-cellular fluid- lots of spaces between them
  7. Describe the cells of the epidermis and summary of their functions.
    • The cells of the epidermis are:
    • merkel cells- sensory perception location not at the top
    • melanocytes- makes pigment
    • keratinocytes- produce protein keratin (keratohylin);
    • langerhan cells- immune system
  8. characteristics of keratinocytes
    • compose most of the epidermis, as much as 70%
    • produce protein keratin- a fibrous protein
    • produced by rapid cell division of stems
  9. characteristics of merkel cells
    • sensory perception
    • associated with disc-shaped sensory nerve endings
    • located at lowest layer of epidermis (between the layers of the epidermis and dermis)
  10. characteristic and function of melanocytes
    • synthesize melatonin
    • protection from UV light
    • approximately constant in number- dark or light, pretty constant in number
    • distribution varies
  11. characteristics and function of langerham cells
    • wandering macrophages
    • associated with immue system
    • produced in red bone marrow

    leave bone marrow, travel in red blood cells and leav, get into skin, when encountering foreign bodies, endocytosis (they eat them)
  12. layers of the epidermis
    • stratum basale
    • stratum spinosum
    • stratum granulum
    • stratum lucidum
    • stratum corneum
  13. characteristics of stratum basale
    • deepest layer (relatively small)
    • single layer of cuboidal or columnar cells
    • stem cells mitotically divide
    • move to the surface in 2-4 weeks
    • progressivly die
    • adheres to dermis
  14. characteristics of stratum spinosum
    • 8-10 cells thick
    • products of division in s. basale
    • extra-cellular fluid- lots of spaces between the cells
  15. characteristics of stratum granulosum
    • keratinization (keratohyaline granules)
    • melanin accumulation
    • cell death
  16. characteristics of stratum lucidum
    • found only in thick skin (elbow, palm, knees)
    • cell layer appears clear
    • cells begin to degenerate
  17. stratum corneum
Author
artyemi
ID
29554
Card Set
Bio3 Midterm
Description
Integumentary Systems
Updated