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Symptoms of hypothyroidism
Hypothyroidism is 10 times more common in females & occurs mainly in middle life.
Mnemonics. Script.
MOMʼS SO TIRED
M Memory loss - O Obesity
- M Malar flush/Menorrhagia
- S Slowness
- S Skin and hair become dry
- O Onset is gradual
- T Tired
- I Intolerance to cold
- R Raised blood pressure
- E Energy levels are low
- D Depressed
- Script:
- Pt has elevated BMI and there is generalized slowness of movement and speech. There is dry hair, dry skin with cool periphery. Pulse is .. (brachycardia). There is no evidence of lid lag or retraction. There is periorbital swelling and generalized, non pitting oedema. There is no palpable goitre and no evidence of previous thyroidectomy. There are no features of Graves's disease. There is evidence of proximal myopathy.
- I would like to enquire about a history of weight gain, constipation, tiredness and cold intolerance. I would like to examine for slow-relaxing deep tendox reflexes and for associated autoimmune disease.
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Symptoms of hypothyroidism
Hypothyroidism is 10 times more common in females & occurs mainly in middle life.
Mnemonics. Script.
- MOMʼS SO TIRED
- M Memory loss
- O Obesity
- M Malar flush/Menorrhagia
- S Slowness
- S Skin and hair become dry
- O Onset is gradual
- T TiredI Intolerance to cold
- R Raised blood pressure
- E Energy levels are low
- D Depressed
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Symptoms of hyperthyroidism.
Mnemonics + script
- SWEATING
- S Sweating
- W Weight loss
- E Emotional lability
- A Appetite is increased
- T Tremor/Tachycardia due to AF
- I Intolerance to heat/Irregular menstruation/Irritability
- N Nervousness
- G Goitre and Gastrointestinal problems (loose stools/diarrhoea)
- The patient is thin and appears fidgety. The hands are sweaty with palmar erythema and tremor of the outstretched hands. The pulse is ... (tachycardic) and irregular (suggestive of AF). There is lid lag and lid retraction. There is no palpable goitre and no evidence of previous thyroidectomy. There are no features of Graves's disease. There is evidence of proximal myopathy.
- I would like to ask for a history of weight loss, diarrhoea, palpitations and heat intolerance.
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Symptoms of hyperthyroidism
SWEATING
- S Sweating
- W Weight loss
- E Emotional lability
- A Appetite is increased
- T Tremor/Tachycardia due to AF
- I Intolerance to heat/Irregular menstruation/Irritability
- N Nervousness
- G Goitre and Gastrointestinal problems (loose stools/diarrhoea)
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Adrenal glands - Causes of Addisonʼs Disease
ADDISON
- A Autoimmune (90% cases)
- D Degenerative (amyloid)
- D Drugs (ketoconazole)
- I Infections (TB, HIV)
- S Secondary (low ACTH); hypopituitarism
- O Others – adrenal bleeding
- N Neoplasia (secondary carcinoma)
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Pancreas - Complications of diabetes mellitus
KEVINS - Kevin the turkey, big diabetes
- K Kidney: Nephropathy
- E Eye disease: retinopathy and cataracts
- V Vascular: coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular disease, peripheralvascular disease
- I Infective: TB, recurrent UTIs
- N Neuromuscular; Peripheral neuropathy
- S Skin: Necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum, granuloma annulare, diabeticdermopathy
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