Anatomy

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diastol-

dialate
systol-

contract
myo-

muscle
cardi-

heart
What is the function of the cardiovascular system?

To carry oxygen and nutrients to all the cells in the body and picks up the waste.
Describe the precise location of the heart.

Media-stinam
The heart is enclosed by a double-layered ______.

Sac
What is the function of the fluid in the pericardial space?

To reduce friction
Describe the pathological events of pericarditis.

Inflammation of the pericardium due to bacterial infection, produces adhesions that attach the layers of the pericardium to each other.
Epicardium secretes _____ ______ into the pericardial cavity.

serous fluid
Describe: endocardium

lines the heart and blood vessels
Describe: myocardium

pumps the blood
Describe: epicardium

protects the heart by reducing friction
List the chambers of the heart.
- Left & Right Atrium
- Left & Right Ventricles
What vessels bring blood to the right atrium?

Superior & Inferior Vena Cavae
What vessels bring blood to the left atrium?

Pulmonary Veins
What is mitral valve prolapse?

Valves do not close all the way allowing blood to back flow.
The cells of the heart are supplied with blood via the _______ ________.

coronary arteries
What happens when the heart muscle is deprived of oxygen?

causes pain
Compare myocardial infarction and angina pectoris.
- myocardial infarction is a heart attack
- angina pectoris is the tightening and pain leading up to a heart attack.
What events make up a cardiac cycle?

atria contracts, ventricles relax. vice versa
What produces the heart sounds heard with a stethoscope?

vibrations of the valves closing
Describe the characteristics of cardiac muscle fibers.

They connect in branching networks, stripped
Trace an impuse through the cardiac conduction system.

S-A node -> A-V node -> A-V bundle -> Bundle of His -> Bundle branches -> Purkinje fibers -> Ventricular syncytium
A recording of electrical changes in the myocardium is a(n) _______________________.

electrocardiogram, ECG
P Wave-

atricular contraction
QRS Wave-

ventricules contract
T Wave-

ventricule muscle relaxes
How is the heart regulated by autonomic reflexes?

sympathetic nervous system can cause the heart to speed up. parasympathetic nerves can cause the heart to slow down.
How is the heart affected by potassium and calcium?
- Potassium decreases the rate and forces of contractions
- calcium increases heart actions

Author

Mfaitht

295040

Card Set

Anatomy

Description

studying the heart

Updated

2015-02-06T05:22:32Z