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Hypotonic
when the solute is less than water
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Cytoplasm
all the components in between the plasma membrane and the nucleus
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Hypertonic
solute is greater than water
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Cytoskeleton
maintains cell structure
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Passive Transport Process
Simple and facilitated diffusion, osmosis
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Endoplasmic Reticulum
moves ribosomes to the golgi; network of folded membranes
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Cytosol
fluid containing water and dissolved subtances
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Transcription
DNA copies into RNA message
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Pagocytosis
destroys, kills
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Solvent
Dissolving liquid (the liquid is doing the dissolving)
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Exocytosis
pushing out material from inside the cell to outside the cell. Think: EXocytosis ; EXit
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Cell Divison
Replacing an old cell
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Translation
mRNA is translated to make a protein (cytoplasm)
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Microfilaments
Inside cell membrane to support and maintain shape
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Concentration
amount of solute in a solvent
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Solute
dissolving material
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Endocytosis
bringing material IN to the cell
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Concentration Gradient
difference in two areas of a solution
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What are 3 types of cell division
- 1.Interphase
- 2.Mitosis
- 3. Cytoskenesis
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Mitosis
division of the nucleus-nuclei
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Cytokinesis
division of cytoplasm (cell movement)
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Plasma Membrane Structure
phospholipid bilayer; polar heads, non polar tails
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Plasma Membrane Structure
barrier between inside and outside of cell; controls what enters and leaves
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Membrane Protein
- Ion Channel; specific ions pass
- Transport; shape changes
- Receptor; allows special molecules
- Cell Identity maker; recognizes eachother
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Centroiles
microtubules emanate from these structures
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Centrosome
important in cell division; near nucleus
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Micro-tubules
movement limbs; inside cilia and flagella
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Ribosomes
Site of protein synthesis; makes energy; high content of RNA located in cytosol, ER, mitochondria
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Rough ER
site of protein synthesis for export
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Smooth ER
no ribosomes; where lipids and steroids are made
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Golgi Appartatus
modifies, transports and packages protein to transport
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Lysosomes
contains digestive enzymes; recycles cell parts
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Autophagy
worn out organelles are digested
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Autolysis
destroys entire cell
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Mitochondria
Power house of the cell; provides most of the cells ATP; where cell energy is made
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Nucleus
Control center of the cell; contains DNA
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Nucleolus
site of ribosome formation
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Nuclear Membrane
Allows movement in and out of the nucleus; has pores
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What are 3 types of protein synthesis?
- Transcription
- Translation
- Cell Division
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Plasma Membrane Function
regulates what enters and leaves the cell
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