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Wave-like smooth muscle contractionsthat move foodstuffs through the alimentary tube.
Peristalsis
-
Chemical or mechanical process of breaking down foodstuffs to substances that can be absorbed.
Digestion
-
Enzymatic breakdown of any type of food molecule.
Hydrolysis
-
Process by which the products of digestion pass through the lumen of the gastrointestinal tract into the blood or lymph.
Absorption
-
Food is contained in the gastrointestinal tract from the time of ingestion until it is completely digested and the waste prepared for elimination?
True
-
Some of the microbes that often invade other organs of the body are rarely found in the stomach. The reason for this is the presence of HC1?
True
-
Kuppfer cells are found in the liver and are responsible for removing bacteria and worn out cells?
True
-
The cell type of the wall of the large intestine, excluding anal cells, is very different from that of the small intestines?
-
Pepsinogen is the precursor to the gastric enzyme for protein digestion and is secreted by the parietal cells?
False
-
The main chemical activity of the stomach is to begin the digestion of proteins?
True
-
The function of the enzyme salivary amylase is to begin digesting proteins?
False
-
Chemical digestion of lipids is initiated in the mouth?
False
-
Dentin anchors the tooth in place?
False
-
Peyer's patches are found in the submucosa of the distal end of the small intestine?
True
-
The digestive function of the liver is to produce bile?
True
-
The pancreas has both an endocrine and an exocrine function?
True
-
Mumps is an inflation of the parotid glands caused by myxovirus?
True
-
Fats significantly delay the emptying of the stomach?
True
-
The soft palate rises reflexively to open the nasopharynx when we swallow food?
False
-
The intrinsic ability of visceral smooth muscle to exhibit the stress-relaxation response is termed plasticity?
True
-
The pharyngeal-esophageal phase of swallowing is involuntary and is controlled by the swallowing center in the thalamus and lower pons?
False
-
Another term for swallowing is deglutition?
True
-
Most nutrients are absorbed through the mucosa of the intestinal villi by active transport?
True
-
Ionic iron is actively transported into the mucosal cells, where it binds to the protein ferritin, a phenomenon called the mucosal iron barrier?
True
-
Nucleus has two lobes; contains granules of lysosomal enzymes; functions in attacking parasitic worms.
Eosinophil
-
Nucleus is multilobed; functions as phagocyte; contains fine indistinct granules.
Neutrophil
-
Transports CO2 and oxygen.
Erythrocyte
-
contains a U- or an S-shaped nucleus; granules stain very dark; releases histamine and heparin.
Basophil
-
Largest of the WBC's; crucial in defense against viruses; associated with chronic infections.
Monocyte
-
Main contributor to osmotic pressure.
Albumin
-
Antibodies released by plasma cells during immune response.
Gamma globulins
-
Forms fibrin thread of blood clot.
fibrinogen
-
Transport proteins that bind to lipids, metal ions, and fat-soluble vitamins.
Alpha and Beta globulins
-
Cancerous condition involving white blood cells.
Leukemia
-
Condition in which blood has abnormally low oxygen-carrying capacity.
Anemia
-
Abnormal excess of erythrocytes resulting in an increase in blood viscosity.
Polycythemia
-
Free-floating thrombus in the bloodstream.
Embolism
-
The primary source of RBC's in the adult human being is the bone marrow in the shafts of the long bones?
False
-
Leukemia refers to cancerous conditions of white blood cells?
True
-
The immediate response to blood vessel injury is clotting?
False
-
The process of fibrinolysis disposes of bacteria when healing has occured?
False
-
The RBC "graveyard" is the liver?
False
-
Hemorrhagic anemias result from blood loss?
True
-
White blood cells are produced through the action of colony-stimulating factors?
True
-
Hemoglobin is made up of the protein heme and the red pigment globin?
False
-
Each heme contains an atom of iron and can transport one molecule of oxygen?
True
-
Each hemeglobin molecule can transport two molecules of oxygen?
False
-
Diapedesis is the process by which red blood cells move into tissue spaces from the interior of blood capillaries?
False
-
Positive chemotaxis is a feedback system that signals leukocyte migration into damaged areas?
True
-
A condition of leukocytosis indicates over 11,000 white blood cells per cubic millimeter in the blood?
True
-
Basophils increase in number when parasitic invasion occurs?
False
-
Leukopenia is an abnormally low number of leukocytes?
True
-
A person with type B blood could recieve blood from a person with either type B or type O blood?
True
-
Leukocytes move through the circulatory system by amoeboid motion?
False
-
Granulocytes called neutrophils are phagocytic and are the most numerous of all WBC types?
True
-
All lymphocytes are leukocytes, but not all leukocytes are lymphocytes?
True
-
Myelocytic leukemia involves a cancerous condition of lymphocytes?
False
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