According to Messner and Rosenfeld, the ideology of economic supremacy can create an environment conducive to crime/delinquency.
T F
T
If someone lost a valuable thing (such as full-time job) and became very frustrated/upset, then according to general strain theory, the source of this person's negative feelings should come from the presentation of positive stimulus.
T F
F
the removal of positively valued things
According to institutional anomie theory, strain will be experienced by unemployed people only.
T F
F
. change "unemployed people only" to "all social members"
Modern strain theorists (especially, Robert Agnew) emphasize that some stressful situations (like failing to win the Nobel Prize) do NOT necessarily lead /delinquency.
T F
T
Robert Agnew believes that the disjunction between aspirations (ideals) and actual achievements usually will NOT cause strain.
T F
T
According to Cloward and Ohlin, teenagers who identify with the subculture of retreatism may become priests or nuns.
T F
F
change "priest/nuns" to "drug addicts"
According to Robert Merton's adaptation model, if someone rejects socially/culturally—endorsed goals while still j following socially/culturally B approved rules and obeying the law, then this person should be considered as a criminal or delinquent.
T F
F
change "criminal" to "ritualist"
Institutional anomie theorists indicate that the most influential value of modern American society is sexism.
T F
F
change "sexism" to "fetishism of money"
R Robert Merton proposes a typology of social adaptation to see how people deal with stressful situations. The category ritualism is best exemplified by human smugglers.
T F
F
change "human smugglers" to "monks"
According to general strain theory, strained people may try to . lover their outcomes if they believe that they are under-rewarded.
T F
F
change "lower..to "increase their outcomes"
Emile Durkheim argues that anomie usually will take place in pre-industrial or simple societies, like the Acadian village of the 19th-century Louisiana.
T F
F change "pre-industrial societies" to "industrial societies"
In Gesellschaft, people tend to pay more attention to ascribed statuses than individual achievements.
T F
F
change "ascribed..to "achieved statuses"
In Gemelnschaft, people tend to show higher tolerance of deviance/delinquency.
T F
F
change "higher" to "lower"
Classic strain theorists tend to focus their attention to the life experiences of upper-class people.
T F
F
change "upper" to "lower"
Generally speaking, kids from single parent-headed families are more likely to experience strain than their counterparts who are from families where both parents are present.
T F
T
One of the most influential perspectives of classic strain theory is differential opportunity theory. Such a perspective is developed by Robert Merton.
T F
F
change "Merton" to "Cloward and Ohlin"
Messner and Rosenfeld argue that certain social qualities (like mutual help and sympathy) in America are disappearing because of Americans' identification with wealth.
T F
T
According to general strain theory, the removal of positively valued goals usually is associated with a social comparison process.
T F
F
change "the removal of... " to "the process people perceive"
America, Asian Americans have the lowest percentages of single parent-headed households.
T F
T
New immigrants with relatives or friend in America are more likely to overcome strain than those new immigrants who do not have such networks.
T F
T
According to Merton's adaptation model, one of the best examples for retreatists is the alcoholic.
T F
T
According to Merton's adaptation model, one of the best examples for ritualists is hedonists.
T F
T
According to Merton's adaptation model, one of the best examples for ritualists is chronic welfare recipients.
T F
T
According to Merton's adaptation model, best examples for retreatists is bohemians.
T F
T
According to Merton's adaptation model, one of the best examples for rebels is communists/socialists.
T F
T
According to Merton's adaptation model, one of the best examples for rebels is anarchists.
T F
T
According to Merton's adaptation model, one of the best examples for rebels is terrorists.
T F
T
According to Merton's adaptation model, one of the best examples for rebels is problem students.
T F
F
change "problem students" to "social reformers"
Both mechanical and organic solidities are types interpersonal interaction/social cohesion. Mechanic solidarity usually can be found in places like ___________.
E.
Which of the following, according to Cloward and Onun, will encourage adolescents to get involved in tough and masculine activities, especially interpersonal violence/street fighting?
E.
Some adolescents may get involved in delinquency when the things they value were/will be removed. Which of the following is one of the protective/self-defensive methods (i.e., behavioral strategies) used by such adolescents?
C.
Which of the following will allow/encourage stressful adults or teenagers to use non-delinquent methods to handle stressful events?
E.
General strain theorists argue that when negative stimuli (e.g. physical abuse, verbal threat/insult, conflictual relationships with parents/friends/school teachers, etc) present, the most common behavioral pattern taken by frustrated people/teenagers is ________.
C.
Based on Merton's classification system of social adaptation, we can infer that _____may be the ones who are least likely to become delinquents.
a. retreatists
b. revolutionaries
c. innovators
d. rebels
e- ritualists
E
If we use Emile Durkheim's concepts to analyze the societal context of strain, then organic solidarity usually can be found in places like ________.
E.
Which of the following is a critique of strain theories:
E.
From the angle of structure, which of the following is NOT a stable dimension of crime/delinquency?
E.
According to general strain theory, some people may commit crimes/delinquent acts if they believe that social resources (especially money) are not distributed outcome and actual outcome). Which of the following of such delinquent acts?
B.
important/noteworthy emotional reaction to strain is ________.
B.
According to Merton's adaptation mode model, which of the following are innovators?
