Biology 40s Exam - Kingdom Monera

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what are characteristics of kingdom monera
- prokaryotic cells
- no nucleus or organelles
- oldest life form
- unicellular
- aerobic or anerobic
- cell walls with peptodoglycan
define aerobic

bacteria that need O₂
define anerobic

bacteria that live without O₂
bacteria in kingdom monera have cells made of what

peptidoglycan (polysaccharides + amino acids)
what are the 3 forms bacteria
- cocci (round) - form clusters
- bacilli (rods) - form chains
- spirilla (spiral) - single cells only
what are the good functions of bacteria
- decompose dead matter in ecosystems
- e.coli in small intestine, helps digest food we can't and releases vitamins
- lactobacillus ingests lactose in milk
- nitrogen-fixing bacteria change inorganic N₂ into nitrates for plants
what are the bad functions of bacteria
- cyanobacteria causes damage and slime in waterways
- cause food poisoning like cholera from contaminated water or salmonella from raw chicken
- respiratory diseases such as tuberculosis and pneumonia
what are examples of "ugly" bacteria
- anthrax: bacteria used in bio-warfare
- black plague: rats with fleas, carried the bacteria
- bacterial STI's: chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis
how do bacteria in kingdom monera reproduce
- binary fission
- conjugation
define binary fission
- asexual reproduction
- one cell forms two identical cells
- lack of genetic variability
- allows bacteria to reproduce at incredible rates
define conjugation
- sexual reproduction
- the process of sexual reproduction in bacteria
- a 'bridge' is formed between male and female bacteria and the genetic material is transferred via direct contact
- bridge is called pilus
what are dormant bacteria
- endospores
- when conditions are not favorable, bacteria may form an endospore
how do you kill bad bacteria
- antibiotics kill bacteria (not viruses)
- viruses are treated with anti-retroviral drugs
- penicillin
- antibiotic resistant bacteria are hard to treat and are dangerous

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KaZuma_t3

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Biology 40s Exam - Kingdom Monera

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biology

Updated

2015-01-24T02:55:29Z

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