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ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
- small group of ductless glands that work with the neuro system to regulate and coordinate all body systems
- dysfunction of the glands or action of the hormones results in a variety of disorders, most of which have long term complications
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Assessment of the endocrine system. . .
- Begin with mom/dad's hx to screen for and rule out diseases.
- Take ht/wt of child (specific disorders)
- Any s/sx (frequent urination, activity tolerance, eating habits)
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PITUITARY GLAND
- Is directed by the hypothalamus
- Stores and releases eight hormones. 4 of these - ADH, TSH, ACTH, and GH - are prominently involved in childhood illnesses
- Regulates auto nervous system
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GROWTH HORMONE DEFICIENCY
- Grow proportionally but well blew average size
- hypopituitarism, not seeing enough GH
- Face looks infantile w/ small jaw & crowded teeth, high pitched voice
- DX: decreased level of GH
- May reach about only 3-4 ft
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Management for GHD. . .
- IM recombinant growth hormone (rhGH) 2-3 times/week (helps get child to target height)
- Timing affects dose- usually given at bedtime - the time of day at which GH normally peaks
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GROWTH HORMONE EXCESS
- Usually caused by anterior pituitary tumor
- weight excessive/proportional to hgt
- Acromegaly (enlargement of bones in head, hands, and feet)
- Tongue protrudes from mouth
- If untreated ->8ft
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Management of GHE. . .
- Laser surgery to remove tumor
- cryosurgery - freezing of tissue
- If no tumor, radioactive implants in the pituitary
- GH antagonists - to lower GH
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DIABETES INSIPIDUS
- Decreased release of ADH by pituitary gland
- Urine becomes dilute; loss of body fluid
- result of lesion, tumor, or injury to posterior pituitary
- SX: polydipsia, polyuria, weight loss
- TX: vasopressin, administration to R/O kidney disease. (If U/O decreases after administration it is pituitary. Stays the same is kidney
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