The flashcards below were created by user
xiongav
on FreezingBlue Flashcards.
-
Insulin Regular.
What is the speed of action?
What are the uses?
speed: short
Uses: decrease BG; stimulates muscles/fat cells to use glucose.
(need LONG acting insulin, glargine, to keep BG stable; use separate syringe and site)
-
What are some SFX of insulin R that are the same for insulin aspart and insulin glargine (long acting)?
What are some AFX with insulin R that are the same for insulin aspart and insulin glargine (long acting)?
SFX: lipodystrophy, pruritis, wt. gain.
AFX: HYPOglycemia, anaphylaxis.
-
Explain some nursing actions for insulin R.
Can it mix w/ NPH in same syringe?
Use correct syringe: U50, U100, U500.
Store open vial at room temp; store closed vial in fridge.
Give 15-30 minutes before meals.
Check BG regularly.
~Yes, same syringe w/ NPH is okay.
-
Insulin aspart.
What is its speed of action?
What is its use?
Speed: rapid
Use: same as Regular but more rapid.
(need LONG acting insulin, glargine, to keep BG stable; use separate syringe and site)
-
What are SFX/AFX of insulin aspart (same as insulin R and insulin glargine)?
SFX: lipodystrophy, pruritis, wt. gain.
AFX: HYPOglycemia, anaphylaxis.
-
What are the nursing actions for insulin aspart?
Give 5-10 minutes before meals.
May be used in a pump.
~Can mix w/ NPH in same syringe.
-
Insulin glargine.
What is its speed of action?
What is its use?
Long acting.
Uses: same as regular but slower (lasts 12-24 h)
-
What are insulin glargine's SFX/AFX that are similar to insulin regular and insulin aspart?
SFX: lipodystrophy, pruritis, wt. gain.
AFX: HYPOglycemia, anaphylaxis.
-
What is insulin glargine's teaching that is similar to insulin regular?
What are some other actions?
Storage: open vial in room temperature, closed vial in fridge.
*Cannot mix in syringe w/ other insulin.
Check BG routinely; check A1C q3 months.
Will need short or rapid insulin for meal coverage & hyperglycemic episodes.
-
For HYPOglycemia; Glucagen.
(<70 bg; <40 = severe hypoglycemia)
What is its action?
Stimulates hepatic production of glucose to increase BG.
-
For HYPOglycemia; Glucagen.
What are some s/sx of HYPOglycemia?
- tingling
- chills
- cold sweats
- confusion
- hunger
- paleness
-
What are SFX and AFX of Glucagen (for hypoglycemia)?
SFX: N/V, hypotension.
AFX: Respiratory distress.
-
If Pt is hypoglycemic, how should you treat the Pt (rule)?
- Use "routine 15":
- 1) Take 15 grams..
- 2) Wait 15 minutes..
- 3) Retest, call HCP..
(IV solution: recon. only w/ diluent provided)
-
For Type II diabetes (PO).
glyburide; what is its class and action?
Sulfonylurea.
Use: decrease BG by increasing insulin secretions in pancreas.
-
For Type II diabetes (PO).
glyburide
What are the contraindications for glyburide?
- Pregnancy
- Liver/renal disease
- Allergy to sulfonylureas
-
What are some SFX of glyburide?
(think of route of admin)
What are some AFX of glyburide?
- N/V
- GI upset
- heartburn
- pruritus/itch
- Aplastic anemia
- HYPOglycemia
- angioedema
-
What are some teaching and actions for glyburide?
(one teaching is similar to metformin, PO 2)
Give w/ 1st meal of the day.
Taking w/ alcohol may cause disulfirim-like reaction: cramps, hypoglycemia, MI (same w/ metformin)
-
What is metformin's uses?
What organ does it work on?
- Uses:
- Decrease liver glucose production.
- Decrease weight.
- Increase insulin sensitivity in fat/muscle cells.
Works on liver.
-
What is metformin contraindicated for that closely resembles glyburide (PO 1)?
- liver disease
- kidney impairment
- alcohol
-
What are some SFX of METformin?
(think of route of admin PO 2)
What are some AFX of METformin?
- N/V
- diarrhea/bloating
- METallic taste
- wt loss
- lactic acidosis
- HYPOglycemia
-
METformin.
What are some teachings involved w/ METformin?
DO NOT give 48 hours before/after if getting IV iodine contrast.
- Teach s/sx of acidosis:
- chills
- dizziness
- hypotension
- muscle pain
- dyspnea
-
METformin.
If prego, surgery, or stress, which should you switch to instead of oral route?
insulin injection
-
For HYPOglycemia, Glucagen, what is the routine 15, name some foods that contain 15 grams of CHO.
Routine 15: give 15g, wait 15 min, restest; call HCP.
- 1/2 C of fruitjuice
- 1/2 C of soda
- 1 C of milk
- 2-3 candies
- 3-4 glucose tabs
|
|