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-ectomy
Cutting out, removal, excision
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-logist
Specialist in the
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-scope
Instrument to visually examine
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-scopy
Process of visually examining
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-tomy
Process of cutting into
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dys-
Bad, painful, difficult, abnormal
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hyper-
Excessive, more than normal, too much
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hypo-
Below, less than normal, under
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Anatomy
the study if the structural components of the body
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Physiology
the study of the functional components of the body
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Pathology
the study of all aspects of disease and abnormal conditions of the body
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Front or anterior/ventral body plane:
- *Thoracic cavity
- *Abdominal cavity
- *Pelvic cavity
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Back or posterior, or dorsal surface is divided into:
- *Cranial cavity
- *Spinal cavity
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Sagittal Plane:
runs lengthwise from front to back dividing the body into a left and right half
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Frontal Plane:
runs lengthwise from side to side dividing the body into anterior and posterior sections
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Transverse Plane:
runs horizontally, dividing the body into upper and lower sections
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Medial refers to:
towards the mid-line
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Lateral refers to:
towards the sides of the body
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The human body can be divided into 8 structural levels:
- *Head and neck
- *Upper torso
- *Lower torso
- *Back
- *Arms
- *Legs
- *Hands and feet
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Nucleus
control mechanism that governs the function of the individual cell (growth, repair, reproduction, and metabolism) If nucleus is damaged, the cell will die. RBC's lose their nucleus when they mature
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Nucleolus
aids in metabolism and reproduction
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Cytoplasm
contains mostly water and fills up the rest of the cell membrane
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Mitochondria
Produces energy for cells
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Ribosomes
Assembles amino acids into proteins
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Endoplasmic reticulum
transport channel between cell and nuclear membranes
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Lysosomes
release digestive enzymes fir digestion of food particles
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Golgi apparatus
stores protein
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Centriole
Plays a role in cell division
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Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
a long molecule containing thousands of genes
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Homeostasis
a condition in which the human body strives for a steady normal, healthy condition
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Metabolism
the breaking down of chemical sustances to use energy
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Catabolism
series of chemical reactions in the cell to change complex substances into simpler ones and releasing energy
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Anabolism
process by which cells use energy to make complex compounds from simpler ones
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