Chapter 19

international financial agreement signed shortly before the end of WWII that created the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund

policy advocated by President George W. Bush of using preemptive military action against a perceived threat to U.S. interests

• executive agency responsible for collection and analysis of information and intelligence about foreign
• countries and events

concept that peace would be secured if all countries collectively opposed any country that invaded another

strategy to oppose expansion of Soviet power , particularly in Western Europe and East Asia, with military power, economic assistance, and political influence

confrontation that nearly escalated into war between the U.S. and the Soviet Union over Soviet deployment of medium-range ballistic missiles in Cuba

chief executive branch department responsible for formulation and implementation of U.S. military policy

cabinet department created after the 9/11 attacks to coordinate domestic U.S. security efforts against terrorism

chief executive-branch responsible for formulation and implementation of U.S. foreign policy

relaxation of tensions between the U.S. and Soviet Unions that occurred during the 1970’s

passed by Congress in 1807 to prevent U.S. ships from leaving U.S. ports for foreign ports without the approval of the federal government

policy implemented during the Clinton administration that the United States would remain actively involved in foreign affairs

policy implemented during the Clinton administration that the United States would actively promote the expansion of democracy and free markets throughout the world

belief that human beings have inalienable rights such as freedom of speech and freedom of religion

created by the governments of at least two and often many countries that operates internationally with the objectives of achieving the purposes that the member countries agree on.

• international governmental organization created shortly before the end of WWII to stabilize international
• financial relations through fixed monetary exchange rates.

a national policy of avoiding participation in foreign affairs

advisory body to the president that includes chief of staff of the army, chief staff of the air force, chief staff of naval operations, and marine commandant

created in the peace treaty that ended WWI, it was an international governmental organization dedicated to preserving peace

theory that the United States was divinely mandated to expand across North America to the Pacific Ocean

European Recovery Program, named after the Secretary of State George C. Marshall, of extensive U.S. aid to Western Europe after WWII

grouping of U.S. armed forces and defense industries

President James Monroe’s pledge that the U.S. would oppose attempts by European states to extend their political control into the Western Hemisphere

policy of emphasizing morality in foreign affairs

U.S. foreign policy that actions should be taken in cooperation with other states after consultation

intelligence agency responsible for gathering intelligence from electronic and other sources and for code breaking

executive agency responsible for advising the president about foreign and defense policy and events

national commission on terror attacks upon the U.S., a bipartisan, independent group authorized by Congress and President Bush in 2002 to study the circumstances surrounding the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks, including preparedness and response

an organization that is not tied to a government

agreement that promotes free movements of goods and services among Canada, Mexico, and the United States

1st peacetime military treaty the United States joined, NATO is a regional political and military organization created in 1950's

naval base in Hawaii attacked by Japan on December 7, 1941, initiating U.S. entry into WWII

an all-or-nothing approach to military intervention advocated by Colin Powell: use overwhelming force for quick, decisive victory, and have an exit strategy before any intervention

policy of taking advantage of a situation for national gain

policy that the United States would provide military assistance to anti-communist groups fighting against pro-Soviet governments

concept developed by President Theordore Roosevelt early in the twentieth century that it was the United States responsibility to assure stability in Latin American and the Caribbean

fundamentalist Islamic government of Afghanistan that provided terrorist training bases for Al-Qaeda

taxes on imports used to raise government revenue and to protect infant industries

United States policy initiated in 1947 of providing economic assistance and military aid to countries fighting against communist revolutions or political pressure

national policy of acting without consulting others

an international governmental organization created shortly before the end of WWII to guarantee the security of nations and to promote global economic, physical, and social well-being

United States deployed up to 500,000 troops to Vietnam to try to prevent North Vietnam from taking over South Vietnam; the effort failed and was extremely devisive with the United States

international governmental organization created shortly before the end of the WWII to provide loans for large economic development projects

international government organization created in 1955 that manages multilateral negotiations to reduce barriers to trade and settle trade disputes