-
Four Major Attributes of Human Being
- The capacity to think or conceptualize on the abstract level
- family formation
- The tendency to seek and maintain territory
- the ability to use verbal symbols as language, a means of developing and maintaining culture
-
Views man as an organism
Byrne and Thompson
-
composed of different organ system and each organ is made up of tissue cells and it has its own structure
Views man as an organism
-
basic unit or building block of structures of all forms of plant and animal life
cell
-
approaches by Byrne and Thompson (Views man as an organism)
- Atomistic approach
- Holistic approach or total
-
studies the physical structure and function of the body
atomistic approach
-
man is composed of different organs and its own structures
atomistic approach
-
studies all aspects of man's behaviour
Holistic approach or total
-
views man in all aspect of his behaviour and his relationship with others in his environment
Holistic approach or total
-
it provides unnecessary forces to enable man to demonstrate his relationship with his environment
stimuli
-
he views man as a biophysical and spiritual being who is in contact with his environment
Roy
-
man as a living organism who from birth is destined to die, until he does, he as to contend continually with forces in his environment; some of them friendly, others hostile
Biophysical
-
all men believe in the existence of a supreme power who guides our faith and destiny - who is the source of meanings and purpose of life - to whom we seek console in case of difficulties in life
Spiritual
-
a being with complexities with special abilities to transcend the limit of his animal nature
man
-
assist man in power of transcendence
-
it deprives the patient of his much needed freedom
illness
-
it enables man to withstand or overcome hardships, it also enables him to interact with others
Motivation
-
Forms of Motivation
- Natural Motivation
- Supernatural Motivation
- Spiritual Virtues
-
What are the spiritual virtues?
-
it comes naturally for a man to suffer for those whom he loves and wishes to protect from pain and suffering. It is innate.
Natural Motivation
-
transcends pain and suffering to a higher place in hope of non-material rewards
Supernatural motivation
-
unquestionable belief, complete trust and relevance one places in person or thing
Faith
-
-
Love for fellowmen without expecting something in return
Charity
-
He views man as a system in constant interaction with a changing environment
Roy
-
-
one that is self-sufficient and totally isolated from other system
closed system
-
it does not follow outside stimuli in any form to penetrate/ go beyond its boundaries
closed system
-
it is composed of sub-systems which acts as a unified whole
Open system
-
it is directly affected by events or changes in other systems
Open system
-
it views the person as a living behavioural system
Open system
-
he views man as a unified whole
rogers
-
parts are independent and interrelated with each other
views man as a unified whole
-
Organs and systems function together to achieve a particular purpose
Views man as a unified whole
-
a whole which function as a whole by virtue of the interdependence of its parts
system
-
is has common or unifying boundaries with interrelated and interdependent parts
system
-
it may be composed of subsystems
system
-
views that man is composed of parts, which are greater than and different from the sum of all his parts
Roy
-
view that man is composed of subsystems and suprasystems
Roy
-
cells, tissues, organs, organ systems
subsystem
-
family, community, society
suprasystem
-
both affect man as a whole
Suprasystem and subsystem
-
founder of nursing
Florence Nightingale
-
views man as an individual with vital reparative process to deal with disease and desirous of health but passive in terms of influencing the environment
Nightingale
-
views man as a whole, complete independent being who has 14 fundamental needs
Henderson
-
14 fundamental needs
- breath
- eat and drink
- eliminate
- move and maintain posture
- sleep and rest
- dress and undress
- learn
- maintain body temperature
- keep clean
- avoid danger
- communicate
- worship
- work
- play
-
views man as a unit that can be seen as functioning biologically, symbolically and socially and who initiates and performs self care activities on own behalf and maintaining life, health and well-being
Orem
-
man is like all other men (men have the same basic needs)
Biological being
-
man is like no other man
psychological being
-
man is unique, irreplaceable, one time being
psychological being
-
characteristics of a psychological being
- rational but at times irrational
- mature with a core of immaturity
- with limited and unlimited nature
- A being of contradictions
- a being who is usually at the crossroads of indecisiveness
-
man is like some other men
social being
-
a group of people has common attributes that make them different from other groups
social being
-
factors characterizing particular groups
- Culture (beliefs, practices, norms, taboos, religions, and languages)
- Age groups
- Social status
- Educational status
-
all men are spiritual in nature because all men have intellect and will
spiritual being
-
-
"Man is unique, irreplaceable individual; a one time being in this world"
Travelbee
-
transplants, plastics or steel parts
prosthesis
-
when a man dies, he ceases to exist
one time being
|
|
