Theory terms

German word for song most commonly associated with the solo art song of the nineteenth century, usually accompanied by piano

Plural of lied

song structure in which the same music is repeated with every stanza(strophe) of the poem

song structire that is composed from begining to end , without repetitions of large sections

songm structure that combines elements of stropic and through composed forms a variation of strophic form in a section might have a new key, rhythm, or varied melodic pattern

The german word for through composed

keyboard instrument whose strings are stuck with hammers controlled by a key board mechanis; pedals control dampers in the strings that stop the sound when the finger releases the key

Stately polish professional dance in triple meter

performance style developed in the late 16th century involving the use of two or more choirs that alternate with each other or sing together

"borrowed time" common in romatic music, in which the performer hesitates here or hurries there, imparing flexibility to the written note values -also tempo rubato

"night piece" introspective work common in the nineteenth century, often for piano

a short melodic work rhythmic or harmonic patteren that is repeted throughout a work or a section of one

"beautiful singing" elegant italian wocal style characterized by florid melodic lines delivered by voices of great agility,smoothness, and purity of tone

multimovement programmatic orchestral work, typically from the 19th century

"fixed idea" term coined by belioz for a recurring musical idea that links different movements of a work

chant from the Requiem Mass whoes text concerns judgement day

an unusual string technique -tapping the wood with strings-(found in symphonie fantastique)

musical drama that is generally sung throughout, combing the resources of vocal and instrumental music with poetry and drama, acting and pantomime, scenery and constumes

text, or script, of an opera,prepared by a librettist

moderate duple-meter dance of cuban origin,popular in the nineteenth century; based on characteristic rhythmic figure

a 19th-century brass instrument (now obsolete) with woodwind finguring holes

one movement orchestral form that develops a poetic idea, suggests a scene,or creats a mood, generally associated with the romantic era. and "tone Poem"

see Symphonic poem X3

scale pattern built entirely of whole-stpe intervals, common in the music fo the french impression

Rapid slide through pitches if a scale

A literary movement-a parallel movement against tradition took places in poetry headed by symbolist poets Budelaire, and Mallarme. Their principle objective was to suggest a situation or events rathers than discribe it; to present the symbol rather than state them. They emphasized the sound of the word rather than their meaning

Characterized music that is based on modes other than and minor especially the early church modes

scale or sequence of notes used as the basis for a composition : major and minor are modes

small disks of brass held by the player one in each hand that are stuck together gently and allowed to vibrate

a dance form feature a stage presentation of group or solo dancing with music, costumes, and scenery

five note pattern used in some africa, Far Eastern, and Native American musics can also be found in western music as an example of exoticism

Three-notes scale pattern used in the music of some sub-Saharan African music cultures

Wind instruments technique in which the toungue is fluttered of trilled against the roof of the mouth

Combination of tones that sounds discordant and unstable in the need of resolution

Found in Stravinsky's Petrushka= a C- arpeggio toghether qwith an F# Major arpeggio

Genre of twentiwth-century music theater especially popular in the United States and great Britain: characterized by spoken dialogue,dramatic plot interspersed with songs ensemble numbers and dancing

the simultaneous use of two or more keys in 20th centure keys

dance of Afro-Cuban origin with a characteristic quadruple meter rhythmic pattern

Type of polyphonic composition in which one musical line strictly imitate another at a fixed distance throughout

a change of rhythmic stress over an unchanged time-signature

The planning of the movement of a dance (ballet)

Total abandonment of tonality (centering in a key) Atonal music moves from one level of dissonance to another without areas of relaxation