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Quatrain
A stanza with 4 lines.
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Refrain
Regularly recurring phrase or verse, especially at the end of each stanza or division of a poem or song.
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Resolution
The part of the story's plot line in which the problem of the story is resolved or worked out; occurs after the falling action and is typically where the story ends.
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Rhetoric
A technique of using language effectively and persuasively in spoken or written form.
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Rhetorical Question
A question asked without needing or intending for it to be answered.
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Rhyme
A matching similarity of sounds in two or more words.
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Rhyme Scheme
The pattern of rhyme in a poem/verse.
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Rhythm
The varying speed, loudness, pitch, elevation, intensity, and expressiveness of speech.
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Romanticism
The theory, practice, and style of the romantic art, music, and literature of the late 18th and early 19th centuries,usually opposed to classicism.
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Satire
The use of different elements such as irony, sarcasm, humor, and ridicule to criticize or mock the foolish behavior of others; often used to bring attention to a particular subject and promote change.
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Sestet
The last six lines of a sonnet.
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Shakespearean (English) Sonnet
Rhyme scheme is abab cdcd efef; has fourteen lines; first twelve lines are divided into three quatrains. In the first three quatrains, the poet establishes a theme or problem and then resolves it. Final two are a couplet.
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Simile
Two unlike things are compared using like or as.
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Soliloquy
A monologue spoken by an actor at a point in the play when the character believes himself to be alone.
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Sonnet
Poem of fourteen lines using any of a number of formal rhyme schemes.
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Speaker
The person talking.
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Spenserian Stanza
A nine-line stanza, rhyming in an ababbcbcc pattern, in which the first eight lines are pentameter and the last line is an alexandrine.
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Stanza
An arrangement of lines of verse in a pattern usually repeated throughout the poem.
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Stock/Stereotyped
A character who relies heavily on cultural types or names for his or her personality, manner of speech, and other characteristics; in most general form, they're narrowly defined, often by one exaggerated trait.
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Style
The author's words and the characteristic way that writer uses language to achieve certain effects.
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Symbol
The use of an object, person, situation, or word to represent something else.
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Synecdoche
Uses a part of something to represent the whole.
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Syntax
The orderly arrangement of words into sentences to express ideas.
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Tercet
A stanza with 3 lines.
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Terza Rima
A three-line stanza form with interlocking rhymes that move from one stanza to the next. (ABA, BCB, CDC, DED...)
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Tetrameter
A line consisting of four metrical feet.
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Theme
A central idea or statement that unifies and controls an entire literary work.
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Tone
The attitude or mood in a literary work.
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Tragedy
A character passes through a series of misfortunes leading to a final, devastating catastrophe.
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Trimeter
A line consisting of three metrical feet.
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Trochaic
A kind of metrical foot; adjective of "trochee."
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Trochee
A two-syllable unit or foot of poetry consisting of a heavy stress followed by a light stress.
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Understatement
The practice of drawing attention to a fact that is already obvious and noticeable; usually done by using sarcasm, irony, wryness or any other form of dry humor.
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Villanelle
A versital genre of poetry consisting of nineteen lines--five tercets and a concluding quatrain.
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Voice
The manner in which the story is told in.
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Volta
A sudden change in thought, direction, or emotion near the conclusion of a sonnet; also called a turn.
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Wit
Intellectually amusing language that surprises and delights
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