True/False (support your answer with an explanation)
The body water content decreases with age
True
Water does not function to
B) supply energy
A person who expends 2000 kcalories a day needs about ________litres of water per day
-2 or 3
The minimum amount of water lost through urine is _________per day
D) 500 ml
Positively charged ions are called ___________; negatively charged ions are called ____________
-cations
-anions
The most abundant cation inside cells is
A) potassium
The most abundant anion inside cells is
C) phosphate
True/ False (support your answer with an explanation)
A blood pH of over 7.45 yields a condition called alkalosis
True
___________the most important and efficient regular of acid-base balance
B) The kidneys are
Of the symptoms listed below, only__________is/are not related to sodium deficiency
D) internal bleeding
True/False (support your answer with an explanation)
Salt tablets are the best way of replenishing sodium lost in sweat during exercise because they are more easily absorbed by the body than the salt contained in foods
False
Under normal sweating resulting from exercise, the best way of replenishing lost sodium is to ingest regular foods later. It is not necessary to have immediate replacement of sodium (within several hours is fine). Salt tablets or excess salt may cause risk of dehydration, especially if there is insufficient water intake
Hypertension us not a major factor in
D) peptic ulcers
The average intake of sodium in Canadian diet is about _______per day
- 2.4-4 grams
Of the foods listed below,____________has the highest sodium content
D) one cup of chicken noodle soup from a can
Potassium does not function in
A) cholesterol transport
Deficiency of potassium is not likely to occur from
C) sweating
True/False (support your answer with an explanation)
Diets high in potassium are invariably low in salt, and may therefore be helpful in teh prevention of hypertension and stoke
True
Of the foods listed below,____________is the best source of potassium
B) one medium baked potato
__________is not a recognized function of calcium
A) energy production
A low blood level of calcium triggers the secretion of
A) parathyroid hormone, which in turn stimulates the synthesis of active vitamin D-3
The blood calcium level cannot be increased through
C) increased mineralization of bone
True/False (support your answer with an explanation)
Calcium tentany, condition of spastic muscle contractions, is caused by by lack of dietary calcium, because calcium ions are required in the transmission of nerve impulses
False
Calcium tentany, which is caused by low blood calcium concentration, is independent of the dietary intake of calcium. Rather, it is caused by a malfunction of one or more of the regulatory hormones
Calcium absorption cannot be enhanced by
A) fibre
Oxalic acid and phytic acid
A) interfere with calcium absorption by forming insoluble complexes with calcium
Osteoporosis is a condition resulting in
A) bones that are porous and brittle and that fracture easily
____________does not increase the risk of osteoporosis
C) obesity
True/False (support your answer with an explanation)
The decline of estrogen in post-menopausal women causes an acceleration of bone loss that cannot by completely prevented, no matter how high that intake of calcium
True
Of the foods listed below,___________is the richest source of calcium
