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A simile is a figure of speech comparing two unlike things, often introduced with the word "like" or "as". It takes the form of:X is (not) like YX is (not) as YX is (not) similar to YExamples of simile:He fights like a lion.He swims as fast as a fish.He slithers like a snake."My dad was a mechanic by trade when he was in the Army, When he got the tools out, he was like a surgeon."

• Unlike simile, metaphor (from the Greek language: meaning "transfer") is language that directly compares seemingly unrelated subjects. It is a figure of speech that compares two or more things not using like or as. In the simplest case, this takes the form:
• X - is - Y
• Examples of metaphor:All the world's a stage, And all the men and women merely players; They have their exits and their entrances;(William Shakespeare, As You Like It, 2/7)

• An oxymoron is a figure of speech that combines incongruous or contradictory terms. The plural is oxymorons or oxymora.Examples:An oximoron can be made of an adjective and a noun:
• Dark light
• Deafening silence
• Living dead
• Open secret
• Virtual reality
• Oximorons can also be a combination of a noun and a verb.
• The silence whistles

• Hyperbole is the use of exaggeration as a rhetorical device or figure of speech. It may be used to evoke strong feelings or to create a strong impression, but is not meant to be taken literally. Hyperboles are exaggerations to create emphasis or effect.
• Examples
• Examples of hyperbole include:
• The bag weighed a ton.
• I was so hungry; I could eat a horse!
• She's older than the hills.
• I could sleep for a year; I was so tired.
• He's filthy rich.
• He's got tons of money.
• I've told you a million times to help with the housework.

• A figure of speech in which a statement appears to contradict itself. Adjective: paradoxical.
• Examples

• A rich man is no richer than a beggar. ― Anonymous
• I'm nobody. ― Anonymous
• I'm a liar. How do you know if I'm telling the truth? ― Anonymous
• I can resist anything but temptation. ― Oscar Wilde
• Don't go near the water until you've learned to swim. ― Anonymous

is a figure of speech in which an imaginary or absent person is represented as speaking or acting

Irony is a figure of speech in which there is a contradiction of expectation between what is said what is really meant. It is characterized by an incongruity, a contrast, between reality and appearance. There are three types of irony: verbal, dramatic and situational.

His argument was as clear as mud.

The two identical twins were arguing. One of them told the other: "You're ugly"

In literary criticism, stream of consciousness is a narrative mode, or device, that seeks "to depict the multitudinous thoughts and feelings which pass through the mind. Another term for it is 'interior monologue'."[1] The term was coined by William James in 1890 in his The Principles of Psychology, and in 1918 May Sinclair first applied the term stream of consciousness, in a literary context, when discussing Dorothy Richardson's novels.