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jill.hinton
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Blood is made up of a ____ portion and ______ portion
fluid and cellular
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The cellular portion is ____% _____ and ____% ______
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How to properly read a PCV (aka_______)
PCV of 35 means:
- hematocrit
- 35% rbc 65% fluid
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The production of rbc is ________ involving the hormone _______ which is produced in the ______.
erythropoesis, erythropoeitin, kidney
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PCV reading
a. Anemia:
b. Shock:
c. Dehydration:
d. Trauma:
- a. low
- b. elevated
- c. elevated
- d. starts out low then is elevated as shock sets in
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Normal values in the blood for the following
a. sodium:
b. magnesium:
c. potassium:
d. chloride:
e. phosphate:
f. calcium:
- a. 145 mEq/L
- b. 4 mEq/L
- c. 4 mEq/L
- d. 110 - 115 mEq/L
- e. 4 mEq/L
- f. 4 mEq/L
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________ is fluid portion of the blood when circulating in the animals and it contains clotting factors
________ is fluid portion of the blood outside of circulation and without clotting factors
plasma
serum
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Describe polychromasia
The difference in the color of rbc
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Describe anisocytosis
Difference in size of the rbc
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Describe poikilocytosis
the difference in the shapes of rbc
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Building blocks needed for erythropoeisis
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
- 1. erythropoeitin
- 2. good quality protein containing all the amino acids
- 3. B complex vitamins
- 4. Iron (copper and cobalt)
- 5. water
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Primary function of rbc
To carry hemoglobin, and hemoglobin transports the oxygen.
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Describe job of erythrocytes
To carry oxygen to every cell for cellular respiration
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When do we give a blood transfusion to a dog?
PCV of 12 or less
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______ anemia happens quickly, within 72 hours
______ anemia occurs over a long period of time, 72 hours or longer
acute
chronic
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Clinical signs of ________ anemia
> pale MM
> ascites
> heart murmur
chronic
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Clinical signs of _____ anemia
> icterus
> hemoglobin urea
> increased temperature
acute
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What can be seen with a regenerative anemia?
- > low PCV
- > reticulocytes
- > anisocytosis
- > polychromasia
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How can sweet clover cattle poisoning cause an anemia?
- > sweet clover must be damaged
- > cumarin is realeased - a strong anticoagulant
- > cattle bleed from every orifice
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What is dicumarol?
- dicumarol is present in sweet clover
- also found in rat poison (warfarin)
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Describe EIA (equine infectious anemia)
- > virus
- > no cure
- > no vaccine
- > easily spread by one drop of blood
- > can be spread by biting flies, mosquitoes, iatrogenically induced
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Test used to diagnose EIA?
If positive, _____ is recommended.
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