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Emotion
Feeling, or affect, that can involve physiological arousal, conscious experience, & behavioral expression
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James-Lange Theory
emotional feelings follow bodily arousal and come from awareness of that arousal.
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Summary of James-Lange Theory
- -A stimulus
- -A perception
- -A message to the body
- -The body responds
- -A message to the brain
- -Person is aware of the bodily changes
Emotion is the awareness of the bodily changes
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Cannon-Bard Theory
activity in the thalamus causes emotional feelings and bodily arousal to occur simultaneously
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Summary of Cannon-Bard Theory
- -A stimulus
- -A perception
- -A message to an emotion center in brain
- -Person experiences emotion
Bodily responses are less important.
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Schachter's Cognitive Theory
emotions occur when physical arousal is labeled or interpreted on the basis of experience and situational cues.
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Summary of Schachter's Cognitive Theory
- -A stimulus
- -A perception
- -A message to an emotion center in brain
- -Person experiences emotion, but...
- -Also a message to the body
- -The body responds
- -A message to the brain
Brain interprets bodily sensations and gives it a label
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Emotional Appraisal
evaluating the personal meaning of a stimulus or situation
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Facial Feedback Hypothesis
sensations from facial expressions held define what emotion a person feels
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Contemporary Model of Emotion
Appraisal gives rise to arousal,behavioral, facial/postural expressions, & emotional feelings. Arousal, behavior, & expressions add to emotional feelings. Emotional feelings influence appraisal, which further affects arousal, behavior, expressions, & feelings.
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Stress
- The mental & physical condition that occurs when a person must adjust or adapt to the environment.
- A nonspecific response to real or imagined demands
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Stressor
a specific condition or event in the environment that challenges or threatens a person
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Pressure
a negative emotion that results from others' real or imagined expectations for success or for specific results.
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Frustration
a negative emotional state that occurs when one is prevented from reaching a goal
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Conflict
a stressful condition that occurs when a person must choose between incompatible or contradictory alternatives.
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Pressure
a stressful condition that occurs when a person must meet urgent external demands or expectations (other peoples real or imagined expectations)
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Frustration
the negative emotion that results when a goal is blocked
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Types of Frustration
- External Frustration
- Personal Frustration
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Frustration-Aggression Hypothesis
- Frustration of goal-directed behavior leads to aggression.
- Aggression: a response or behavior made with the intent of causing harm
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Conflict
A stressful condition that occurs when a person must choose between incompatible or contradictory alternatives. (making difficult decisions about 2 or more competing motives, behaviors, or impulses)
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Types of Conflict
- Interpersonal Conflict
- Intrapersonal Conflict
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Approach-Approoach
choosing between two positive or desirable alternatives.
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Avoidance-Avoidance
choosing between two negative, or undesirable alternatives
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Approach-Avoidance
being attracted to and repelled by the same goal or activity
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Double Approach-Avoidance
being simultaneously attracted to and repelled by each of two alternatives
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Multiple Approach-Avoidance
being simultaneously attracted to and repelled by each of several alternatives
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