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Name f5 types of mass wasting?
- 1. soil creep
- 2. avalanche
- 3. landslide
- 4. mudflows
- 5. rockfalls
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What is a mudflow?
- 1. Most fluid and fastest type of mass wasting.
- 2. Rapid movement of loose soil, saturated with water
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What is an avalanche?
- 1. When ice and snow abruptly dislodge from a mountain face.
- 2. Sometimes a result of a sharp noise
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What is a landslide?
When a huge amounts of rock or soil suddenly slide down a slope.
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What is a rockfall?
When individual rock fragments break off the side of a cliff because of gradual weathering like exfoliation.
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What is the main agent of chemical weathering?
water
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Fan-shaped sediment deposit the mouth of a river into the sea?
delta
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Term for area that separates two river systems?
drainage divide
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Term for one of numerous streams that feeds into a river at various points?
tributary
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Term for a network of underground cavities?
cave
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Term for the sediments carried by a stream?
load
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Term for ridge formed when a river drops sediments along the edge of its channel?
levee
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Term for a large channel in the ground that cannot be repaired by ordinary cultivation?
gully
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Term for one of a series of winding, looping curves in a river?
meander
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Fan-shaped deposit of sediments at the mouth of a dry steam bed in the desert?
alluvial fan
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Term for a region where limestone is exposed and abundant?
karst
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Name two major types of glaciers?
- 1. continental
- 2. valley (alpine)
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Suspension, saltation, and creep, in which wind transports sediments, are what type of processes?
aeolian processes
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The period of Earth's history which more of the surface was covered by glaciers than at present?
Ice Age
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Term for sharp, steeple-shaped point of a mountain with three or more cirques cut?
horn
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Term for scratches in bedrock that were produced by glaciers?
striae
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Term for how a hill formed when a glacier overruns its old deposits of broken rock?
drumlin
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Term for heap or ridge of till left by a retreating glacier?
moraine
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Term for large hole in the ground left from the melting of a chunk of glacial ice?
kettle
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Term for huge bowl-shaped depression dug out by a valley glacier?
cirque
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Type of weathering involving the breaking or peeling away of rock into layers?
exfoliation
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Term for the feature formed by streams merging and flowing toward the sea as a large river?
river system
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Two general types of weathering?
- 1. chemical weathering
- 2. physical weathering
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Term for a glacier-carved valley that fills with seawater?
fjord
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Type of weathering that occurs when rainwater soaks into cracks in a rock and freezes, splitting the rock?
ice wedgin
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Which natural acid, found in rainwater and ground water, promotes chemical weathering of rocks?
carbonic acid
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Pillarlike structure of rock formed when the middle of a sea arch collapses?
sea stack
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What is produced when a sea cave is eroded continually?
sea arch
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Term for deposits of clay and silt left by a sandstorm.
loess
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What is the most important effect of wind erosion?
deflation
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Term for Natural processes that break down rocks.
weathering
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Narrow, sandy islands that lie off the coast of the mainland?
barrier islands
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Term for the eroding action of windblown sand?
abrasion
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Large, funnel-shaped depression in the ground caused by cavern collapse?
sinkhole
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Ice sheets smaller than continental glaciers?
ice caps
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Long pile of rocks deposited parallel to the shore to stop erosion?
breakwater
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Spirelike mass of dripstone on the floor of a cave?
stalagmite
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Method of erosion prevention that modifies a smooth slope into a series of level, stairlike steps?
terracing
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Carrying away of rock fragments, such as by wind or running water?
erosion
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Most common rock associated with caverns?
limestones
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Term for particles too heavy to be lifted by wind that are rolled in sort bursts?
creep
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Region of land drained by a stream or river system?
drainage basin
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Curve shaped lake formed when a river is cut off from the rest of the river?
oxbow lake
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Large stream that carries water from the mountains to the sea?
river
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The source of a river?
headwaters
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Land that borders a river and is covered by river water during a flood?
floodplain
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The vertical face of rock that forms when the sea erodes land?
sea cliff
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Limestone formations that have become filled with various passageways and large caves?
caverns
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Deep cracks that develop on the surface of a glacier?
cravasses
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