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Chem 230 Unit 3 (part 1)

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  1. a carboxylic acid contains
    carboxyl group
  2. methanoic acid aka
    formic acid
  3. ethanoic acid aka
    acetic acid
  4. propanoic acid aka
    propionic acid
  5. to name carboxylic acids with IUPAC name?
    -oic acid
  6. polarity of carb acids?
    strongly polar
  7. carb acids form ____ in which hydrogen bonds form between two carboxyl groups
    dimers
  8. has a higher boiling point than alcohols, ketones and aldehydes
    carboxylic acids
  9. acidity of carb acids?
    • weak acids
    • ionize in water
  10. are a product of the neutralization of a carboxylic acid with a strong base
    carboxylic acid salts
  11. used as preservatives and flavor enhancers
    carb acid salts
  12. carb acids are prepared by oxidation of?
    primary alcohols and aldehydes
  13. gentle oxidation?
    primary alcohol to aldehyde
  14. complete oxidation?
    primary alcohol to carb acid
  15. carb acids react with strong based to form
    carboxylate salts
  16. naming salts of carb acids?
    • sodium
    • drop -ic and add -ate
  17. ROH
    alcohol
  18. ROR
    ether
  19. RCHO
    aldehyde
  20. RCR with double bond O on C
    carboxylic acid
  21. RCOOR
    ester
  22. RCONH2
    amide
  23. RNH2
    amine
  24. make esters by? break esters by?
    • removing water
    • adding water
  25. the reaction of a carb acid and alcohol in the presence of an acid catalyst to produce an ester
    esterification
  26. ex of ester products?
    • aspirin
    • oil of wintergreen
  27. naming esters?
    -ate ending
  28. an ester reacts with water to produce a carb acid and an alcohol
    acid hydrolysis of esters
  29. the reaction of an ester with a strong base
    base hydrolysis or saponification
  30. long chain carbon tail with carb end
    fatty acid
  31. contains a nonpolar end that dissolves in nonpolar fats and oils and a polar end that dissolves in water
    soap
  32. ex of condensation polymers
    polyesters
  33. naming acid chlorides?
    replace -oic acid with -oyl acid
  34. slightly polar, and reacts violently with water
    acid chloride
  35. means without water and is usually symmetrical
    anhydrides
  36. naming anhydrides?
    just add anhydride to end
  37. naming amines?
    end with amine
  38. means something attached to nitrogen
    capital N
  39. hydrogen bonding for amines?
    bond with primary and secondary, but not in tertiary
  40. amines solubility in water?
    1-5 carbon atoms are soluble
  41. an amine is very
    soluble
  42. what is more soluble than amine
    salt
  43. forms when an amine is neutralized by acid
    amine salt
  44. when naming amine salts?
    replace amine with ammonium followed by the name of the negative ion
  45. properties of amine salts?
    • solid at room temps
    • soluble in water and body fluids
    • the form used for drugs
  46. naming amides?
    add amide
  47. produced by reacting a carb acid with ammonia or an amine
    amide
  48. when naming amides ?
    use capital N
  49. polar, soluble in water with capability of hydrogen bonding
    amides
  50. physical properties of amides?
    • all form hydrogen bonds
    • soluble in water with 1-5 carbons
  51. hydrogen bonding occurs between ____ amides
    primary
  52. acid hydrolysis?
    add HCl and water
  53. to produce a carb acid and an ammonium salt
    acid hydrolysis
  54. the produce the salt of a carb acid and an amine or ammonia
    base hydrolysis
  55. salts are more?
    soluble in water
  56. the peptide bond is an
    amide bond
  57. ginormous in our bodies
    amides
Author
melissag94
ID
287591
Card Set
Chem 230 Unit 3 (part 1)
Description
Chapter 14 Fall 2014
Updated
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