-
What are the biological differences between
anorexia and bulimia? (Anorexia)
without appetite
cognitive denial of hunger (begins in adolescence)
associated with elevated cortison levels (depression), and decreased AgRP
-
What are the biological differences between anorexia and bulimia? (Bulimia)
alternating between directing and overeating
Binging/purging
Mostly woman
eating associated with reinforcement (DA at nucleus accumbens), and decreased seretonin receptors (depression)
potential mutation in MSH receptor; can't process the satiety signal
-
What does our body get from food?
nutrients (not a source of energy), Amino acids and fatty acids, 15 vitamins and minerals
-
How is the short term regulation of energy managed?
regulation of carb metabolism by pancreas.
stored short term in liver as glycogen (3 days)
insulin drives glucose→glycogen (glycogenesis)Glucagon is released to drive glycogen→glucose (glycogenolysis)
-
How is the short term regulation of energy managed (By what organ?)
Short-term regulation of carbohydrate/sugar metabolism is by the pancreas
-
What hormones are used/what do they do?
insulin- drives conversion of food glucose into glycogen for storage (glycogenesis)
need glucose, pancreas releases hormone-glucagon
-
What is the long term storage of energy? By what?
adipose tissue- fats can be broken down into glucose and ketones
-
What signals come from the peripheral body that have an effect on the brain and eating? (Leptin)
sends signal to not eat (produced by fat cells)
receptors on arcuate nucleus (hypothalamus)
-
What signals come from the peripheral body that have an effect on the brain and eating? (Ghrelin)
released by stomach, causes contractions, causes brain to signal hunger
-
What signals come from the peripheral body that have an effect on the brain and eating? (PYY)
released by intestines, counteracts ghrelin, arcuate nucleus = appetite controller.
|
|
