Ch20.1

What are the 4 general organs of the urinary system?

These remove substances from blood, form urine, and regulate certain metabolic processes.

These carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder.

This receives urine from the ureters and stores it.

This moves urine from the bladder to the outside of the body.

Where are the kidneys located?

The kidneys are positioned retroperitoneally, meaning what?

The inner region of the kidney, composed of renal pyramids.

The outer region of the kidney, surrounded by a protective renal capsule.

The functional unit of a kidney, consisting of a renal corpuscle and a renal tubule.

The nephron is divided into what 2 main structures?

Part of a nephron that consists of a filtering glomerulus and a surrounding sac-like glomerular capsule; it filters fluid, the first step in urine formation.

Part of a renal corpuscle that is a specialized capillary bed which provides the blood to be filtered.

Part of a renal corpuscle that is a sac-like structure that surrounds a glomerulus and collects filtrate from it.

Part of a nephron that is a tubular passageway that receives filtrate and modifies it to create urine.

A protein-free solution, similar to blood plasma, which is derived from blood and created in the renal corpuscle of a nephron.

These types of nephrons are located primarily in the renal cortex, and have relatively short nephron loops that do not reach the renal medulla; they account for 85% of all nephrons.

These types of nephrons have long nephron loops that extend deep into the renal medulla, and are essential for producing concentrated urine; they account for for 15% of all nephrons.

In correct order, list all the structures of the nephron through which filtrate will travel from the blood to bladder.

Describe the different functions between the "principal cells" and the "intercalated cells"

Describe the pathway of blood through the kidney in the arterial system.

Describe the pathway of blood through the kidney in the venous system.