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Electricity
- A form of energy that results from the interaction of charged particles, such as electrons or protons
- e.g. Almost everything we use uses electricity
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Static Charge (Static Electricity)
- An electric charge that leads to stay on the surface of an object, rather than flowing away quickly
- e.g. When your arm hairs raise when you're sitting on a chair
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Charging by Friction
- A process in which objects made from different materials rub against each other, producing a net static charge on each object
- e.g. Rubbing your hands together for warmth
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Electrostatic Series
- A list of materials that have been arranged according to their ability to hold on to electrons
- e.g. Aluminum is ranked higher than Plastic
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Insulator
- A material in which electrons cannot move easily from one atom to another
- e.g. Rubber is an Insulator
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Conductor
- A material in which electrons can move easily between atoms
- e.g. Metal is a Conductor
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Semiconductor
- A material in which electrons can move fairly well between atoms
- e.g. Diamonds are semiconductors
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Ground
- An object that can supply a very large number of electrons to, or can remove a very large number of electrons from, a charged object, thus neutralizing that object
- e.g. The grounding rod for the Van de Graaff Generator
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Electroscope
- A device for detecting the presence of an electric charge
- e.g. Pith Ball electroscope
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Charging by Contact
- Generating a net charge on a neutral object by touching it with a charged object
- e.g. Touching a person when they have a net charge in them
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Laws of Electric Charges
- Laws that describe how two objects interact electrically when one or both are charged
- e.g. Opposites attract
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Electric Field
- A property of the space around a charged object, where the effect of its charge can be felt by other objects
- e.g. The electric field of the Van Graaff Generator shocked Daniel
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Induced Charge Seperation
- The movement of electrons in a substance, caused by the electric field of a nearby charged object that is not in direct contact with the substance
- e.g. Wireless chargers for phones
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Ion
- A positively or negatively charged atom or group of atoms
- e.g. Lithium Ion
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Lightning Rod
- A metal sphere or point that is attached to the highest part of a building and connected to ground
- e.g. The CN Tower has multiple lightning rods
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Electrostatic Precipitatior
- A type of cleaner that removes unwanted particles and liquid droplets from a flow of gas
- e.g. Electrostatic Precipitatior's at factories
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Van de Graaff Generator
- A device that accumulates very large charges
- e.g. The one we used in class
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Radiation Dosimeter
- A small device that detects and measures exposure to radiation
- e.g. A rectangular small machine, looks like a gameboy kind of
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