pharmacology Chapter 7 Review Test Submission: Chapter 7 Test

Body parts whose tissues are particularly low contrast include the:

blood vessels.
kidneys and biliary tree
stomach and intestines.
all of the above

Iodine molecules are responsible for the silhouette images projected on radiographic film because they:

absorb photons.
allow more photons to pass through for projection onto the radiograph.
act as a form of barium by preventing or slowing the dilution of osmotic particles.
prevent fluid in extravascular spaces from being drawn into the bloodstream.

Osmolality:

controls the distribution and movement of water between body compartments.
is the number of milliosmoles per kilogram of water.
is the number of milliosmoles per liter of solution.
a and b.

____ ROCM are supplied in nonsalt forms.

High-osmolality ionic
Low-osmolality nonionic
Low-osmolality ionic
None of the above

The newer low-osmolality ionic ROCM:

contain three iodine atoms per molecule and do not dissociate in solution.
are referred to as ratio-1.5 media.
are considered to be ratio-3.0 media.
None of the above

Intravascular ROCM:

have high percentage lipid (fat) solubility.
consist of large molecules.
do not cross cellular membranes well.
b and c.

Diatrizoate meglumine and diatrizoate sodium solutions are:

generally used when barium sulfate suspension is potentially harmful.
used when low osmolality is desired.
preferred over barium sulfate suspension in CT because of less artifact production.
a and c only

____ tablets are used for opacifying the gallbladder.

Diatrizoate meglumine
Iocetamic acid
Barium sulfate
Iodamide meglumine

Iodamide meglumine:

is eliminated principally by the kidneys.
is not effective in cholecystography and cholangiography.
has been replaced by ultrasonography and CT scanning.
all of the above.

Patients with renal impairment:

demonstrate opacified biliary and GI tracts when given intravascular ROCM.
eliminate as much as 100% of intravascular ROCM within 24 hours.
exhibit higher opacification in the kidneys.
all of the above.