A & P Chap 3

4 major types of tissue

collection of a group of cells that have a similar function

tissue found throughout the body and covers all the body surfaces

thing layer of tissue that binds the underlying connective tissue layer to upper tissue layers

functions of the epithelial functionspr

forms the lining of the mouth, blood vessels, heart, lungs and outer layer of the skin

tissue found in glands, gland ducts and the lining of the kidney tubules, produces eggs cells and sperm cells

forms the lining of the uterus, stomach and intestines

produce mucus to lubricate intestinal wall

composed of single columnar epithelium tissue, produces motion that directs mucus to flow in specific direction

columnar epithelium with mucus producing cells

gland that communicates with the surface thru an unbranched duct

multi-lobed gland, with a branched duct arising from each lobe

several layers of epithelium cells, where the body is exposed to conditions tat cause wear and tear

tissue designed to handle tension in tissues, lines the wall of the urinary bladderm urethra and ureters

supports the body and binds together all types of tissue

provides framework of the body

tissue that forms space between the organs

3 types of loose connective tissues

"white fibers"- thick fibers composed of protein collagen, keeps separate structures together

"yellow fibers" - made of protein elastin, found in areas that require stretching

most widely spread tissue, surrounds organs, lies under epithelium, provides support to nerves for transport to nutrients to epithelial cells

most common cell types in connective tissues

"macrophages" designed to carry out phagocytes , a major function of immune system that scavenges foreign particles from tissue to prevent infections

located near blood vessels, manufactures heparin and histamine

constructed of specialized cells called adipocytes that store fat droplets within their cytoplasm

consists of a network of delicate collagenous fibers that mechanically support the liver, bone marrow, spleen and lymphoid organs

tissue that forms tendons, ligaments and aponeuroses

tissue that is made of dense, thick, collagenous fibers and network of delicate elastic fibers

tissue that is made up of yellow, elastic fibers that are either branched or run in parallel strands

tissue that consists of cartilage, bone, blood and hematopoietic and reticuloendothelial tissues

3 types of cartilage

cartilage that occurs at the ends of bones in joints, supporting rings of respiratory airway and soft portion of nose

matrix of dense elastic fibers and more flexible than hyaline

dense, tough tissue with many collagenous fibers embedded within the matrix

hardest of connective tissues because it contains mineral salts with a large amount of collagen serving as intercellular matrix

enables support and movement, protects organs, and contains red marrow

thin layers that bone matrix is deposited in

cavities lying in between or within lamellae

is unique connective bc its intercellular matrix is composed of liquid in which cells are suspend

forms RBC and WBC

formed with red bone marrow

formed by lymphoid organs

tissue composed of various cells that are phagocytic, attack foreign invaders of the body and ingest them

relaxes and contracts, causes movement that brings about locomotion and other internal movement necessary for survival

3 types of muscle tissue

muscle tissue that controls slow contractions of the walls of stomach and intestines, controls artery wall contractions to regulate blood pressure, and controls uterine wall

muscle tissue that coordinates movement of limbs, eyes, trunk, and jaws

muscle tissue that controls the contraction of the atria and ventricles of the heart

tissue that is made up of neurons, found in brain, spinal cord and peripheral nerves

made up of many neurons that bond together by connective tissue

thin sheetlike structures composed of connective and epithelial tissues, lines body cavities and covers body surfaces

4 major types of membranes

membrane that lines body cavities that do not open to the outside of the body

membranes that covers the organs within the abdomen and thorax, forms the inner lining of those cavities

epithelial membranes that line cavities and tubes that open to the outside of the body

'skin', is an organ of the integumentary system

lines the inner linings of freely moveable joints between the ends of the bones

intentional cut thru intact tissue for the purpose of exposing underlying structures

removal of tissue

incision is made under ideal conditions and aseptic technique is not broken, no wound drain

after primary closure, but the wound is drained and minor break in aseptic tech or tech was entered

open traumatic wound is encountered, tract was entered or major break in aseptic tech

open traumatic wound in which microbial contamination had previously occured

3 types of healing

optimal type of healing, tissues heal from side to side without infection

space between tissue layers that can accumulate fluids and lead to infection

3 phases of first intention healing

phase that begins within minutes of injury and lasts approx 3-5 days

phase that starts the 3rd day and goes up to 20 days

healing that takes place from bottom upward, wound fills with granulation tissue, occurs in large wounds

healing that occurs when 2 granulated surfaces were approximated and is employed when wound is infected, dirty and contaminated

partial or total separation of a layer or layers of tissue after closure,

genetic markers on the surface of most of white blood cells

test that identifies an identifies a persons HLAs (human leukocyte antigen)

code for the production of specific glycoprotein antigens that recognizes each individuals tissues and targets as foreign those different from that individuals tissue

protrusion of viscera thru edges of totally separate wound

uncontrolled bleeding that can occur immediately following a procedure and can lead to hypovolemic shock

abnormal attachment of 2 surfaces or structures that are normally separate

result of wound dehiscence that could cause incarceration of the bowel

tract between 2 epithelium lined surfaces, opened at both ends

hypertrophic scar formation that occurs mainly in dark skin individuals

tract between 2 epithelium lined surfaces that is only opened at one end