Chapter 11

Plasma makes up _____% of the blood.

A. 39-45%
B. 40-45%
C. 55-58%
D. <1%

Collected at the bottom of the centrifuge, erythrocytes make up what percentage of the blood?

A. 55-58%
B. 40-45%
C. <1%
D. 39-45%

In the middle buffy coat of the centrifuge, leukocytes and thrombocytes make up what percentage of the blood?

A. 40-45%
B. 55-58%
C. <1%
D. 39-45%

In embryo, hematopoiesis occurs in the yolk, sac, liver, spleen, and bone marrow. Where does it occur after birth?

________ ________ stem cells in red bone marrow give rise to all blood cells.

The pluripotent hematopoietic stem cell gives rise to what two types of multi-potent stem cells?

The stromal tissue found within bone marrow provides what function for blood-forming cells?

What are the three committed progenitor cells that arise from the multipotent lymphoid stem cell?

What committed progeniter cells arise from the multipotent myloid stem cell?

Megakaryotes develop into what type of cell?

What do B-cells eventually become?

Which of the following growth factors are used to treat bone marrow failure due to chemotherapy of aplastic anemia?

A. Erythropoietin
B. Granulocyte cology-stimulating factor
C. Granulocyte-monocyte colony stimulating factor
D. All the above

True/False: All granulocytes and agranulocytes are derived from myloid stem cells
True False

Granulocytes arise from ______ stem cells

_____ have azurophilic granules that stain purple and are lysosomes

_____ is the most numerous Leukocyte (60-65%)

This type of leukocyte is the earliest to arrive during acute inflammation.

This leukocyte only accounts for 1-3% of WBC, and increase in number during allergic reactions (IgE) as well as during parasitic infections.

This leukocyte is the most rare leukocyte. Its granules contain heparin and histamine, as well as other chemical mediators of inflammation. Typically increase in number only during hypersensitivity reactions. (May also be related to the mast cell)

The group: Agranulocyte includes what two types of cells?

This leukocyte is the largest of the WBC's, contains a kidney shapped nucleus, is considered to be an agranulocyte but contains azurophilic granules.

This leukocyte is important in both innate immunity as well as adaptive immunity (activation of T-lymphocytes), and is also important LATE in acute inflammation.

(B/T) lymphocytes make antibodies in antibody-mediated immune response, and (B/T) lymphocytes are involved in cell-mediated immune response. Both are part of adaptive immunity.

Next to neutrophils, ____ are the next most numerous leukocyte in circulation (20%).

The normal range of leukocytes in the peripheral circulation is:

A. 4,500-10,500 cells/L
B. 1,500-5,000 cells/L
C. 15,000-20,000 cells/L
D. 9,500-15,000 cells/L

Lymphocytes are made in ______ lymphoid tissue, which includes the Thymus and Bone marrow.

Where do lymphocytes encounter the specific antigen to which the will respond?

Between B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes, which matures in the bone marrow? In the thymus?

Within the lymph node, (B/T) lymph is found in the paracortex region, and (B/T) lymph is found in the follicles (secondary follicles are active).

Both -philia, and -cytosis are two suffixes that mean?

Pancytopenia:

Aplastic anemia:

Agranulocytosis:

Neutropenia is commonly defined as a circulating neutrophil count of less than ____/microliter of blood

Alloimmune neonatal neutropenia, cyclic neutropenia, and kostmann syndrome are the most common forms of ____ Neutropenia.

Neutropenia can be acquired from:

_____ are the first line of defense against normal flora.

What causes Mononucleosis?

This disease infects 90% of humans, persists for the lifetime of the individual, and is transmitted through several exposures to infected saliva.

Mononucleosis penetrates the nasopharageal, oropharangeal and salivary epithelial cells. It then spreads to lymph tissue and attacks which lymphocytes?

Mononucleosis has a incubation period of ____ days, a prodomal period for ____ days, and is characterized by ____, ____, and ____. Has an onset of ___, _____, and ____.

True/False: There are no benign forms of leukemia
True False

The cause of leukemia is unknown, but associated with:

This is the most common type of leukemia cancer in children and adults. 3/4 of all cases of childhood cancer.

This type of leukemia is most common in adults, and often has an infiltration of malignant cells in skin, gums, and other soft tissues

Which leukemia has the following symptoms: fatigue, anemia, night sweats, weight loss, bruising and nose bleeds, decreased platelet count, bone pain, neutropenia, lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, and hepatomegaly?

_____ is a condition in which ciculating blast cell count is elevated (100,000 cells/microliter). Increased blood viscosity and emboli are common.

A ____ ____ ____ is used to determine if a leukemia is lymphoid or myloid in origin.

Which type of chronic leukemia affects pluripotent stem cells (usually granulocytes)

Which type of chronic leukemia targets plasma cells?

Which type of leukemia is the most common form of leukemia in the western world?

Hypogammaglobulinemia (too many antibodies) is a symptom of which type of leukemia?

This type of leukemia accounts for only 10% of all leukemias, and is a disorder of the pluripotent hematopoietic progenitor cell.

Which leukemia has the following symptoms: often asymptomatic, gradual increase in lymph node size, fever, abdominal pain, thrombocytopenia, WBC > 20,000/microliter

Which leukemia has the following symptoms: chronic phase of variable length, asymptomatic, weakness, weight loss, leukocytosis w/ immature granulocyte cell types, anemia, thrombocytopenia, increased basophil count, increased number of blast cells in blood, leukostasis

Acute ____ leukemias primarily affect children, whereas acute ____ leukemias primarily affect adults.

____ leukemias have an insidious onset.

Chronic ____ leukemia has the most favorable clinical course, most people living to die of another unrelated cause.

(Hodgkin/Non-Hodgkin) lymphomas have Reed-Sternberg cells

(Hodgkin/Non-Hodgkin) lymphomas are cancerous T or B lymphocytes or NK cells.

Reed-Sternberg cells

Pathognomic

The following as clinical manifestations of _____ lymphomas: Pruritus, fatigue, anemia, decrease in cell-mediated immunity, Anergy (failure to develop a positive response to skin tests such as TB tests)

Plasma cell dyscrasias:

Multiple Myeloma

The following risk factors can cause what disease? Chronic immune stimulation, ionizing radiation, exposure to pesticides and herbicides, exposure to agent orange, HIV infection

M proteins and Bence Jones Proteins are present in what disease?

Animia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia w/ purpura, "moth eaten" bones, hypercalcemia, and plasmacytomas are all manifestations of ??

True/False: normal antibodies are depressed in persons with multiple myeloma
True False

The triad for definitive diagnosis of Multiple Myloma includes: